June 2, 2025

Soap Opera Plot: Zlata Filipović

Soap Opera Plot: Zlata Filipović
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When 11-year-old Zlata Filipović received a blank diary in September 1991, she couldn't have known it would become a powerful testament to one of Europe's most devastating modern conflicts. As Yugoslavia fractured along ethnic lines, this ordinary middle-class girl found herself chronicling extraordinary circumstances from her home in Sarajevo, Bosnia.

The diary begins innocently with entries about birthday parties, Michael Jackson songs, and piano lessons. But within months, Zlata's world transforms as barricades appear, bread becomes scarce, and artillery positions surround her once-peaceful city. When the siege begins in April 1992, Sarajevo's 380,000 residents find themselves trapped in a deadly urban prison where stepping outside for water means risking sniper fire.

Through Zlata's eyes, we witness how children adapt to war's brutal reality. Schools operate sporadically in basement shelters, families chop up furniture for winter heating, and humanitarian aid packages become treasured lifelines. All while shells nicknamed "Cico" and "Ceca" fall nearby. Her words capture both heart-wrenching loss—like the death of her friend Nina from shrapnel—and the stubborn resilience of Sarajevans who organized beauty pageants in bunkers and used dark humor to survive.

What makes this story particularly tragic is how yesterday's neighbors became today's enemies. Bosnia's multi-ethnic population—Orthodox Serbs, Catholic Croats, and Muslim Bosniaks—had lived together peacefully for generations before nationalist politics tore them apart. As Zlata writes, "The politicians ruined what had been a model place for all different people to live together."

By 1993, international journalists discovered Zlata's diary, leading to her family's evacuation to Paris just before Christmas. Her published writings became an instant bestseller, bringing worldwide attention to the children suffering in the longest siege of a capital city in modern warfare history.

Have you ever wondered how quickly "normal" can vanish? How resilient children can be in impossible circumstances? Listen as we explore Zlata's story and the complex Yugoslav Wars that redefined Southeastern Europe forever. Follow us on social media @HistoryBuffoonsPodcast and share your thoughts on history's forgotten voices.


Citations

Zlata's Diary: A Child's Life in Sarajevo - Amazon.com

https://amzn.to/3HbRXhQ

en.wikipedia.org Zlata's Diary - Wikipedia

SARAJEVO'S CHILD - The Washington Post

washingtonpost.com

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00:00 - Episode Introduction

05:30 - The Breakup of Yugoslavia

12:20 - Zlata's Diary and Life in Sarajevo

18:30 - The Siege Begins

25:30 - Daily Life Under Siege

34:20 - Sarajevo's Spirit and Dark Humor

42:10 - The Path to Peace and Zlata's Escape

49:30 - War's Aftermath and Zlata's Legacy

56:10 - Episode Closing

WEBVTT

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oh, hey there, oh hey there oh come on, I just started.

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Oh man, that was like I think your painting got a little excited there, oh my gosh or just startled Something.

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Well, it startled me, jeez Louise.

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Oh dear.

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Am I really that animated?

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Sometimes, History just excites me.

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It's a passion.

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He's looking at you funny.

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I know.

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What's going on?

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I think we're going to put it next to you next time.

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That's fine.

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I'd say, throw it over here, but I know something will get knocked over if that's the case.

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Yeah, we have precious beer.

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Well, luckily those aren't open yet.

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But anyways, we are the History, buffoons, the history.

00:01:05.153 --> 00:01:20.120
Yes, we're the history, buffoons, I'm bradley, I'm kate, and uh, welcome to another episode yeah, and this is our um unfinished painting oh so I didn't realize that I forgot the blue around the microphone, around the microphone.

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So now now it's bothering her and me more or less, but yes, now I gotta fix it.

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The funny thing is it didn't bother me until kate noticed it and brought it up to me and she's like I forgot the blue.

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I'm like, oh shit, you did.

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Now that's all I can see is like the non-blue the non-blue so we might have a little updated version of that in the near future oh, my burp is so close I know I can't wait for it to come out so I can add it to the burp track oh, it's so close, it's just sitting there, it's just all.

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Of course, that could be my acid reflux.

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I mean, that's very possible too.

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I used to get like heart palpitations that would like shock me.

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Yeah, um, I think it was like stress induced or anxiety induced.

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I've got that before, yeah.

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And the doctors are like you're not having heart palpitations, it's acid reflux.

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I'm like okay, and so I've been on.

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I thought I moved, so I've been on acid reducer ever since and I'm out of it for like the last three days.

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Yeah, you had said we.

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I can tell you tried to find it and they only had the name brand super expensive stuff, which I'm not going to buy.

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No, fuck that.

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I'll have Acid Reflex.

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It feels like a burp.

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I'm just waiting for it to come out during this episode.

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I know I hope it's epic, because this buildup is leading towards it and it's probably going to be super disappointing.

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I know I shouldn't have said anything.

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So what do we got to drink today, Kate?

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Oh, we have Pig Farmer by.

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By.

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Deusterbecks, deusterbecks.

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Yes, oh, was that right, not Deusterbecks.

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Deusterbecks yes.

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Oh, was that right.

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Not Deusterbecks, but yes.

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Can you tell why I would say Deutschland?

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You know, deusterbecks, it's spelled D-U-E-S.

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D-U-S, d-u-e-s, I said D-U-E-S.

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Like Deutschland.

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I took you here once.

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Yes, I used to you.

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Yes, like Deutschland, I took you here once.

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Yes, I used to sell this beer.

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The bar looks like this Pretty much.

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Yeah, the bar is pretty much the barn.

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It's in an old barn.

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Yeah, no, they got a cool little thing going on over there.

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Yeah, I really like it.

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I like a lot of their beers.

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Yeah, okay.

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So where's this?

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At Where's this, at where's this?

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at elkhorn elkhorn wisconsin and um.

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This is a pale ale yeah, holy balls.

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All of a sudden I yawned, not allowed.

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Sorry, I need a beer let's, let's fix that right now.

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I am.

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That was elongated.

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Cheers, cheers.

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It's not bad.

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What do you think being not being a huge pale ale person?

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A little on the lighter side of a pale ale so I kind of thought you might not like that, not mind.

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That one is what I meant to say farm fresh beer what would you feel about wine on a podcast instead of beer next time?

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I'd be fine with it yeah, you like wine I don't go out of my way to ever drink it.

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Typically, when it comes to wine, I'm usually on the sweeter side of wines like moscato yeah, stuff like that, which is like the real wine enthusiast, not wine like my dad was, yeah, it basically like I could glug, glug, glug.

00:04:45.055 --> 00:04:46.620
And Like my dad was, yeah, it basically was Like I could glug, glug, glug.

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And that's why I don't buy it, cause I can glug, glug, glug.

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Nobody wants to see that.

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But, um, my dad was huge into wine and oh, okay, I didn't know that.

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Oh yeah, he what the fuck Like a subscription.

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Basically, yeah, a wine subscription.

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He would get random boxes with random varieties in it and whatever from all over from Napa Valley, which is huge in wine, and across the country and whatever Right he loved really.

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Did you hear it?

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Because I heard it.

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I heard it.

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What did it say?

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I don't know, I can't read that far.

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Potential computer difficulties.

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Well, we'll get it out of the way now.

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Hold, please, and we're back.

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All right, anyway.

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So my dad was really big into wine.

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He really liked reds.

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He would drink white wines but he was a big fan of reds and my problem with reds is 99% of them.

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You drink room temperature.

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I don't like room temperature beverages.

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I don't like warm beverages, so I like cold.

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There used to be this restaurant.

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We would go to that.

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We've been beverages, so I like cold.

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There used to be this restaurant we would go to that.

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We've been going to since I was little.

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It's unfortunately closed now.

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They used to have really good gnocchis with meat sauce, but it's called Albanese's in Brookfield.

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They would serve their house red and it would be chilled.

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I like that.

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That was good.

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You can chill a red.

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I do chill my reds.

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I can't not.

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Yeah, I'm like, like this is super cold right now.

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I know it's really good.

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Let me reach my beer, um.

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My favorite is pinot grigio.

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Okay, um, and I like that.

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It's more of a sipper for me versus like the muscat where it's uh, glug, glug 3000, yeah, yeah, that's understandable okay, so maybe we'll do that at some point yeah, we'll.

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We like to mix it up.

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We throw a cocktail in here once in a while and yeah whatever.

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So yeah, we'll change it change it change it um oh, I have a pen in my shirt.

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I was editing earlier and I was using it.

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That's funny.

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You don't need a pen to edit on the computer and insert cricket sounds.

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Here I have a question for you do you really?

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I feel like it's been a minute I know it's because it's because most of our stuff has kind of been in depth recently a little bit longer.

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Yeah, I would.

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I would certainly say that yeah so, um, this one, I think we could shoot the shit a little bit.

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Um, did you ever grow up writing in a diary or journal or anything like in full?

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Like?

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This is just for me.

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I want to lock on this thing.

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I know, um, I think I've attempted, I would say, multiple times in multiple times throughout my life.

00:08:07.189 --> 00:08:23.791
Yeah, the most recent one was probably 20 years ago, as a younger person, maybe a couple times.

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I couldn't tell you when or whatever, I'm sure they haven't survived moves and stuff, but it was never really a dear journal.

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Right Today I had a thought it's like okay, yeah.

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Just never.

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Never was my thing, so what about you?

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Yeah, same I, I uh, probably started quite a few, and just no, I'm not a writer and it's not even so much.

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Not being a writer which I am not by any stretch I just I don't have that commitment, yeah, discipline, to do that every day.

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I know for some people it's a great thing.

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Not for me, yeah, so is what it is.

00:09:04.186 --> 00:09:07.389
Yeah, that did not come from me.

00:09:07.708 --> 00:09:08.448
That was so weird.

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That came from like, that was like an elongated one.

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Yeah.

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It was just a at the end.

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But it was like a trail of.

00:09:16.254 --> 00:09:17.255
I know, it was really weird.

00:09:17.275 --> 00:09:25.009
Beer burp coming up and it took so long to come out, mine actually went down a little bit.

00:09:25.009 --> 00:09:26.293
Oh man, it was probably acid reflux.

00:09:26.659 --> 00:09:28.184
I'm so looking forward to hearing that one.

00:09:28.264 --> 00:09:29.087
I'll give you one later.

00:09:29.528 --> 00:09:30.230
I'm sure you will.

00:09:30.230 --> 00:09:38.024
You're having bubbles, so we'll get one in this podcast, but anyway, so yeah, so no, I never really did that.

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That wasn't my thing.

00:09:39.620 --> 00:09:45.910
Okay, so we are going to talk about the Yugoslav War.

00:09:46.511 --> 00:09:46.832
Okay.

00:09:47.113 --> 00:09:47.855
Do you know of it?

00:09:48.600 --> 00:09:50.668
I mean, I think I might have heard of it.

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I couldn't tell you a damn thing about it.

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It happened in the early 90s.

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That's probably why I heard about it, because I was alive.

00:09:59.106 --> 00:09:59.528
Yeah.

00:10:00.210 --> 00:10:01.153
Interesting Okay.

00:10:01.561 --> 00:10:06.692
So the country kind of went into one of the biggest breakups ever.

00:10:06.692 --> 00:10:14.273
So Yugoslavia was like this big, united but kind of dysfunctional family of nations.

00:10:14.273 --> 00:10:26.927
Yugoslavia was a federation and it consisted of six republics, so it was Bosnia and Herzegovina.

00:10:26.927 --> 00:10:29.452
Herzegovina yeah, herzegovina.

00:10:29.452 --> 00:10:30.073
How'd you know that?

00:10:30.279 --> 00:10:33.668
Because Bosnia and Herzegovina, aren't they like one single place now?

00:10:33.668 --> 00:10:34.711
Yes, it's one, yeah.

00:10:34.851 --> 00:10:42.254
Yeah, and then there's Croatia and Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia.

00:10:42.639 --> 00:10:44.748
I didn't realize those were all under Yugoslavia.

00:10:44.748 --> 00:10:47.044
I guess I never knew that Okay.

00:10:47.105 --> 00:10:47.306
Yes.

00:10:48.009 --> 00:10:48.208
Huh.

00:10:48.860 --> 00:11:03.913
In addition, there were two additional provinces under the Republic of Serbia, oh, so it's kind of like Wisconsin in the United States.

00:11:03.913 --> 00:11:08.528
There's Kosovo and Vovdina.

00:11:08.969 --> 00:11:09.691
I haven't heard of that one.

00:11:09.691 --> 00:11:11.234
I've heard of Kosovo, though, uh-huh.

00:11:11.413 --> 00:11:15.158
Okay, but they were provinces in Serbia, okay.

00:11:15.178 --> 00:11:15.559
Gotcha so.

00:11:16.100 --> 00:11:20.971
I am going to talk a little bit about Bosnia and Herzegovina.

00:11:20.971 --> 00:11:23.405
Yeah, maybe I'm just going to look at you to see that.

00:11:23.405 --> 00:11:24.149
End point Herzegovina.

00:11:24.149 --> 00:11:29.147
Because Maybe I'm just going to look at you to say that, end point Herzegovina, because that's kind of where our story takes place.

00:11:29.147 --> 00:11:30.110
Okay, most of the story.

00:11:30.110 --> 00:11:40.571
So since the 15th century both regions were governed together under the Ottoman Empire and then later the Austro-Hungarian Empires.

00:11:41.419 --> 00:11:42.865
So they've been around for a long time.

00:11:42.865 --> 00:11:43.668
Yeah, oh, wow.

00:11:45.340 --> 00:11:50.460
And they shared borders and cultures and administration for a long time okay and then as part of the yugoslav republic.

00:11:50.460 --> 00:11:58.615
In 1945, leader joseph bros tito lumped bosnia and herzegovina.

00:11:58.615 --> 00:12:08.335
I love it that that's awesome Into one of the six socialist republics.

00:12:08.335 --> 00:12:11.509
Okay, and it kind of cemented their political unity.

00:12:12.360 --> 00:12:16.630
So they basically have a government like the USSR in a way like socialists.

00:12:16.630 --> 00:12:20.524
All that stuff Is that kind of what their grouping was.

00:12:21.807 --> 00:12:22.048
Sure.

00:12:23.792 --> 00:12:24.933
Okay and continue.

00:12:30.681 --> 00:12:31.201
Okay, herzegovina.

00:12:31.201 --> 00:12:32.705
Yeah, sorry if you didn't point my bad.

00:12:32.705 --> 00:12:44.788
So in the middle of this chaos, there's actually a young girl named zlata filipovic okay and she and her family live in sarajevo, bosnia sarajevo yeah, saraje, Do you want to do this?

00:12:44.788 --> 00:12:49.254
Because dang Mr Pronunciation over here.

00:12:49.475 --> 00:12:50.336
I'm not that good.

00:12:50.336 --> 00:12:57.832
Okay, sarajevo, sarajevo, sarajevo.

00:12:57.832 --> 00:13:00.447
Yes, I mean, that's what you're talking about, right?

00:13:00.486 --> 00:13:02.924
Yes, okay, so you know of it.

00:13:03.822 --> 00:13:04.544
I've heard of it.

00:13:04.544 --> 00:13:09.844
Yeah, about right, yes, okay, so you know of it.

00:13:09.844 --> 00:13:13.395
I've heard of it, yeah, because the um trans-siberian orchestra has a song called like oh, what the fuck's the title?

00:13:13.395 --> 00:13:15.643
Something sarajevo or whatever, something like that.

00:13:15.643 --> 00:13:17.590
I'm trying to blank on the full title of this song.

00:13:17.590 --> 00:13:24.410
Fuck, now I feel stupid that I can't remember because I like trans Siberian, siberian orchestra.

00:13:24.831 --> 00:13:26.554
Well, there's a lot of um.

00:13:26.554 --> 00:13:36.087
Kept a diary during the Bosnian war, okay, um, and she was kind of called the Anne Frank of Sarah.

00:13:36.087 --> 00:13:36.989
Have have, oh.

00:13:38.572 --> 00:13:39.153
Sarajevo.

00:13:39.413 --> 00:13:40.115
Sarajevo.

00:13:42.462 --> 00:13:44.376
She was the Anne Frank of Sarajevo.

00:13:44.557 --> 00:14:05.412
Yeah so so she hid in a cat an attic a basement oh, I mean zlata wrote about siege life sniper fire, how she lost friends, all wolf still worrying about doing homework and isn't that wild trying to listen to pop music and oh yeah what was her favorite band?

00:14:05.412 --> 00:14:06.033
Um.

00:14:06.033 --> 00:14:09.804
She enjoyed michael jackson and guns and roses oh, that's.

00:14:09.945 --> 00:14:11.748
That's quite a nice variety.

00:14:12.089 --> 00:14:21.629
I like it so a little bit of historical background on the breakup of yugoslavia kind of a crash course.

00:14:21.629 --> 00:14:29.769
If you will Probably crash into this, what Probably crash and burn?

00:14:29.769 --> 00:14:33.659
Idiom Jesus.

00:14:34.761 --> 00:14:35.644
Christ Idiom.

00:14:35.985 --> 00:14:52.323
Yugoslavia was once a united country, okay, and it fell apart in the early 90s, so in the 1980s.

00:14:52.323 --> 00:15:01.328
T joseph bros, tito he um, ends ends up dying, and with him so does the glue that held everybody together so what was so important about him that he held everything together like was he the ruler of yeah?

00:15:01.328 --> 00:15:03.052
Yeah, he was the leader so what?

00:15:03.784 --> 00:15:04.207
did he have?

00:15:04.207 --> 00:15:05.759
A specific position like president?

00:15:05.759 --> 00:15:06.201
I mean what?

00:15:06.201 --> 00:15:08.409
What position did he hold that he was the leader?

00:15:08.429 --> 00:15:25.488
I don't think that I wrote down specifically what his title was, but he was like in charge of yugoslavia and all the republics for like quite a while yeah, yeah, gotcha um, and it's all multi-ethnic groups in Yugoslavia, sure.

00:15:25.488 --> 00:15:36.500
So as soon as he's gone, the kids aka the nationalist politicians and all that they kind of start acting out, okay.

00:15:36.500 --> 00:15:43.860
So over the 1980s there's an economic crisis and the resurgent nationalism spread hey.

00:15:45.304 --> 00:15:46.187
I need to check something.

00:15:46.690 --> 00:15:46.931
Okay.

00:15:49.479 --> 00:15:55.294
Okay, there it is.

00:15:55.294 --> 00:15:57.485
It has surfaced.

00:15:57.485 --> 00:16:01.024
Unleash the Kraken.

00:16:01.024 --> 00:16:03.542
Wow that was.

00:16:03.542 --> 00:16:09.208
I would say that was epic and I would be right, holy shit.

00:16:09.208 --> 00:16:10.345
So sorry about that little break.

00:16:10.345 --> 00:16:19.188
I had to check something, check a setting, and then we got graced by a delicious burp from Kate over there.

00:16:19.188 --> 00:16:22.634
Okay, anywho, sorry, yes.

00:16:22.820 --> 00:16:24.486
So leaders from Serbia.

00:16:24.960 --> 00:16:25.160
Yeah.

00:16:25.642 --> 00:16:37.384
Pushed their own agendas well, most do and tito just kind of suppressed all that okay, so he was kind of able to keep them all like tolerable of each other right.

00:16:37.384 --> 00:16:40.596
So it was kind of like a decades-long family feud.

00:16:40.635 --> 00:16:51.267
That just kind of started family feud kind of breaking up at the dinner table you know, during thanksgiving, when everybody kind of comes yeah do you think anyone flipped the plates off like, fuck this, anyways something.

00:16:51.388 --> 00:17:00.740
Okay, I'm gonna take the turkey with me yeah, I want a turkey leg in 1991, um yugoslavia's republics starting are starting to wander separation.

00:17:00.740 --> 00:17:06.411
Okay, in june of 91 slovenia and croatia declare independence.

00:17:06.411 --> 00:17:14.170
Oh, slovenia's separation is is kind of a brief little battle okay it's.

00:17:14.170 --> 00:17:23.008
It was a 10-day little battle by the yugoslav people's army okay who had moved into secure border posts.

00:17:23.008 --> 00:17:29.776
Oh, and they mostly fought like light infantry type of encounters.

00:17:29.776 --> 00:17:34.010
So it wasn't like full-on blown battles.

00:17:34.030 --> 00:17:35.684
No, no, there was still conflict.

00:17:35.684 --> 00:17:36.749
Nonetheless, there was conflict.

00:17:36.749 --> 00:17:37.089
Yeah.

00:17:37.200 --> 00:17:45.693
But then there was a ceasefire and the Yugoslav People's Army, with Jew and Slovenia, maintained their declaration of independence.

00:17:45.693 --> 00:17:46.615
Gotcha, okay.

00:17:46.615 --> 00:17:50.049
Croatia's declaration was a little bit more messy.

00:17:50.049 --> 00:18:01.548
War erupted with the Yugoslav Army, which was largely Serb-led, okay, and local Serb forces.

00:18:02.329 --> 00:18:02.631
Okay.

00:18:03.440 --> 00:18:17.468
Serbs against other, well, not even against Serbs, I think kind of all the Serbs like kind of banded together against the Croatians, oh gotcha, I think that's how it was Okay and I'll tell you a little bit more about that Gotcha.

00:18:17.468 --> 00:18:28.431
In 1992, Bosnia's excuse me by April of 92, Bosnia and Herzegovina were mostly ethnically mixed republic.

00:18:28.431 --> 00:18:36.224
There were Muslim Bosniaks, there were Orthodox Serbs, there were Catholic Croats.

00:18:37.106 --> 00:18:39.231
Croats, so Croatians, yeah, okay.

00:18:40.642 --> 00:18:42.367
And so Bosnia and….

00:18:42.788 --> 00:18:43.290
Herzegovina.

00:18:43.859 --> 00:18:45.446
They declared independence as well.

00:18:45.626 --> 00:18:45.887
Oh, wow.

00:18:46.460 --> 00:18:51.595
So Bosnia becomes the main battlefield of the Yugoslav wars.

00:18:51.915 --> 00:18:53.119
Really Mm-hmm Okay.

00:18:53.500 --> 00:19:06.895
Bosnian Serb forces, backed by Serbia's national leadership, oppose the independence and lay siege to Sarajevo, sarajevo, sarajevo.

00:19:06.895 --> 00:19:12.785
So the Bosniak Muslims and the Bosnian Croats.

00:19:12.785 --> 00:19:24.675
The forces initially fight the Sarabs and at one point, tragic point, they were actually like fighting each other the, the muslims and the croats and and then they're like this is stupid.

00:19:24.675 --> 00:19:26.319
So then they started like stupid.

00:19:26.319 --> 00:19:29.915
Yes and they're like let's, let's band together again.

00:19:29.915 --> 00:19:32.803
It was all like games of game of thrones I never knew.

00:19:33.392 --> 00:19:35.299
I never knew croatians were called croats.

00:19:35.299 --> 00:19:36.404
I've never heard that before.

00:19:36.404 --> 00:19:37.589
Yeah, that's different.

00:19:37.670 --> 00:19:42.539
Yeah, okay so the siege of Sarajevo.

00:19:42.559 --> 00:19:44.503
You're getting there Sarajevo.

00:19:44.503 --> 00:19:59.281
Yeah, In April 1992, Bosnia's capital which is Sarajevo, and I believe, if I'm not mistaken, the Trans-Siberian Orchestra's song is Christmas Eve, sarajevo.

00:19:59.281 --> 00:20:01.164
Oh, very nice yeah.

00:20:01.790 --> 00:20:04.890
Well, Sarajevo was home of the 1984,.

00:20:04.890 --> 00:20:06.674
Did I not pronounce it right?

00:20:06.796 --> 00:20:07.438
That was close.

00:20:09.090 --> 00:20:12.759
They had the 1984 Winter Olympics there.

00:20:12.759 --> 00:20:13.801
Oh, did they?

00:20:13.801 --> 00:20:14.182
Yes.

00:20:17.096 --> 00:20:18.780
I wasn't old enough to remember that today.

00:20:18.780 --> 00:20:19.482
So, yeah, okay.

00:20:20.009 --> 00:20:21.234
So Sarajevo.

00:20:21.696 --> 00:20:21.958
Close.

00:20:21.958 --> 00:20:25.151
You're getting there.

00:20:25.151 --> 00:20:25.692
What is?

00:20:25.711 --> 00:20:25.952
it Sarajevo?

00:20:25.952 --> 00:20:26.252
That's what?

00:20:26.252 --> 00:20:27.375
Yeah, okay, so sarajevo close, you're getting there.

00:20:27.375 --> 00:20:28.196
What is it sarajevo?

00:20:28.196 --> 00:20:28.698
That's what it says.

00:20:28.698 --> 00:20:29.859
Sarajevo, stop it stop it.

00:20:29.880 --> 00:20:30.821
That bird made me yawn.

00:20:30.821 --> 00:20:31.723
How is that possible?

00:20:31.723 --> 00:20:35.874
There it is jesus christ um.

00:20:36.013 --> 00:20:40.778
So sarajevo becomes under siege by the Bosnian Serbs.

00:20:40.778 --> 00:20:54.079
Okay, bosnian Serbs are worried that they would be vulnerable as an ethnic minority Right In a Bosniak-dominated country.

00:20:54.079 --> 00:21:02.336
So many preferred staying in a Serb-led Yugoslavia oh, in a Serb-led Yugoslavia, oh.

00:21:02.336 --> 00:21:08.423
So if you start breaking apart Yugoslavia, there's less and less majority Serbs.

00:21:08.624 --> 00:21:10.405
Right, no, that makes sense.

00:21:10.506 --> 00:21:17.528
Okay, so that's why all the Serbs are trying to band together and they don't want this independence Gotcha.

00:21:17.548 --> 00:21:17.910
That makes sense.

00:21:17.910 --> 00:21:19.435
They don't want to be the minority.

00:21:19.435 --> 00:21:30.782
Okay, so this siege will last almost four years, and it's the longest siege of a capital city in modern history.

00:21:30.863 --> 00:21:32.424
Four years, holy crap.

00:21:32.424 --> 00:21:34.738
That's a long fucking time to siege a city.

00:21:35.951 --> 00:21:40.281
So between 93 and 94, war rages on throughout Bosnia.

00:21:40.281 --> 00:21:51.844
Sarajevo's people endure daily shellings, fuck, and the notorious like sniper alley where we're stepping out for bread even could be lethal.

00:21:51.844 --> 00:22:03.625
Right um, international peacekeepers from the un showed up wearing like blue helmets and good intentions, but with orders not to shoot, okay.

00:22:04.710 --> 00:22:07.036
So didn't do anything.

00:22:07.036 --> 00:22:07.718
What was the point?

00:22:07.718 --> 00:22:08.700
Didn't do anything?

00:22:08.700 --> 00:22:10.865
No, they really didn't.

00:22:10.865 --> 00:22:14.758
I mean what would have been the point for?

00:22:14.919 --> 00:22:15.641
them to do that.

00:22:15.641 --> 00:22:17.074
They're like here's some food rations.

00:22:18.459 --> 00:22:18.619
Namaste.

00:22:18.779 --> 00:22:20.125
Stop shooting.

00:22:20.306 --> 00:22:22.409
Yeah, don't be cruel to each other.

00:22:22.409 --> 00:22:26.115
We're not going to listen to you it's like no, we're gonna keep doing what we've been doing.

00:22:26.115 --> 00:22:34.556
I mean I just, I mean I get their intentions, they were peaceful, whatever but what were they really going to accomplish by?

00:22:34.556 --> 00:22:35.977
Just, yeah, they got him some.

00:22:35.977 --> 00:22:38.840
It's coming back.

00:22:39.361 --> 00:22:39.942
Here it go.

00:22:40.142 --> 00:22:43.306
Here it go 1995.

00:22:43.566 --> 00:22:48.978
Yes, the world's patience was finally televised.

00:22:48.978 --> 00:22:50.942
Atrocities Atrocities.

00:22:50.942 --> 00:22:56.795
Atrocities what word is that?

00:22:56.795 --> 00:22:58.159
Atrocities?

00:22:58.159 --> 00:22:58.901
There it is.

00:22:58.901 --> 00:23:23.406
Atrocities in the cities there it is, I trust.

00:23:23.406 --> 00:23:24.028
Cities and the cities.

00:23:24.028 --> 00:23:25.391
In July of 1995,.

00:23:25.411 --> 00:23:26.132
Bosnian Serb forces overrun the UN.

00:23:26.152 --> 00:23:26.231
Okay.

00:23:26.231 --> 00:23:27.914
And there is a massacre of over 7,000 Bosniak men and boys, oh shit, yeah.

00:23:27.914 --> 00:23:29.557
And not long after Serb forces bomb Sarajevo, yep, yep.

00:23:29.557 --> 00:23:35.188
And finallyajevo, yep, yep, and finally NATO, yeah, decides to drop the paperwork and pick up the peace and it launches airstrikes against Bosnian Serb positions in August of 95.

00:23:35.910 --> 00:23:37.132
Damn.

00:23:37.211 --> 00:23:40.455
Combined with Bosnian Crote ground offensives.

00:23:40.455 --> 00:23:46.023
Yeah, this pressure kind of weans the leaders into peace talks.

00:23:46.285 --> 00:23:46.605
Okay.

00:23:47.326 --> 00:23:54.804
Okay, in December of 95, the parties finally signed the Dayton Peace Accords.

00:23:55.230 --> 00:23:56.897
Dayton Peace Accords Okay.

00:23:57.210 --> 00:24:13.404
Bosnia is split into two semi-autonomous entities bosnia croat federation and a serb republic okay and the war in bosnia at this time is officially over.

00:24:13.404 --> 00:24:19.596
A hundred thousand people are killed, god damn 40 percent of them are civilians.

00:24:19.596 --> 00:24:21.900
Wow, that's really sad.

00:24:21.900 --> 00:24:29.424
Two million plus people are displaced well, sure, that makes sense between six and eleven thousand people.

00:24:29.424 --> 00:24:32.553
Six thousand and eleven thousand people of the dead were children.

00:24:32.814 --> 00:24:41.557
Oh fuck yeah that's really always depressing to hear, because they obviously didn't have a choice or anything.

00:24:41.557 --> 00:24:43.301
So wow, no.

00:24:44.250 --> 00:24:48.878
So that kind of brings me to this young girl, yeah.

00:24:49.138 --> 00:24:49.700
What's her name again?

00:24:49.720 --> 00:24:51.723
Sorry, zalata, zalata, zalata.

00:24:51.723 --> 00:25:06.888
Okay, so, like I said, sarajevo was kind of a melting pot of all these ethnicities, so there's the Bosniaks and the Serbs and Croats, and they all lived together somewhat peacefully, right?

00:25:06.888 --> 00:25:11.909
So Zlatova was born on December 3rd 1980.

00:25:11.930 --> 00:25:13.836
Okay, so she would have been 15 at this time.

00:25:14.650 --> 00:25:16.355
So it actually starts.

00:25:16.355 --> 00:25:18.541
Her diary starts when she's 11.

00:25:19.851 --> 00:25:21.916
Oh, so she'd been writing for four years already.

00:25:21.916 --> 00:25:22.980
Okay, yes, yes, yes.

00:25:23.530 --> 00:25:27.282
I wanted to give you a background on the war before introducing her.

00:25:27.522 --> 00:25:27.743
Yeah.

00:25:27.891 --> 00:25:30.403
But yeah, she's there at the start of it, Okay.

00:25:30.423 --> 00:25:31.689
Yeah, fair enough.

00:25:33.212 --> 00:25:37.242
So she was a happy girl middle-class childhood.

00:25:37.242 --> 00:25:39.796
Her father was a lawyer, her mother was a chemist.

00:25:39.796 --> 00:25:42.199
She loved Michael Jackson, guns N' Roses.

00:25:42.199 --> 00:25:42.619
Yep was a lawyer.

00:25:42.619 --> 00:25:43.463
Her mother was a chemist.

00:25:43.463 --> 00:25:44.387
She loved michael jackson, guns and roses.

00:25:44.387 --> 00:25:51.431
Um, their family took a ton of vacations up in the mountains and at this time, in september of 91, she was in fifth grade.

00:25:51.431 --> 00:25:52.553
Okay, okay.

00:25:52.553 --> 00:25:56.358
And at that point she received this little blank diary.

00:25:56.358 --> 00:26:02.057
Oh, she was inspired by the diary of anne frank.

00:26:02.057 --> 00:26:06.998
She did read that and she decided to name her diary Mimi.

00:26:07.499 --> 00:26:11.218
Mimi Mimi, mimi, m-i-m-m-y, mimi.

00:26:11.397 --> 00:26:11.659
Oh, okay.

00:26:12.369 --> 00:26:15.921
And actually it was after her pet goldfish that had passed Mimi.

00:26:16.490 --> 00:26:20.402
Is it common to name your diary Because you're like writing to it.

00:26:20.442 --> 00:26:23.550
Basically, yeah, yeah, you're almost having a conversation exactly through words.

00:26:23.550 --> 00:26:40.416
And she would always say, dear mimi, and she would end with yours lotta oh, okay, I guess I never really knew that there is one yeah, nice, nice, nice so her first like entries were about piano lessons and birthday parties and friends at school.

00:26:40.416 --> 00:26:46.316
I just closed down my how did that?

00:26:46.316 --> 00:26:46.959
Happen.

00:26:47.289 --> 00:26:48.476
I have no idea.

00:26:49.832 --> 00:26:54.500
She would say things like quote I'm watching the American Top 20 on MTV.

00:26:54.500 --> 00:26:56.455
I don't remember a thing.

00:26:56.455 --> 00:26:57.654
Who's in what place?

00:26:57.654 --> 00:27:04.077
I feel great because I've just eaten a Four Seasons pizza with ham, cheese, ketchup and mushrooms.

00:27:04.077 --> 00:27:05.161
It was yummy.

00:27:05.161 --> 00:27:07.897
Maybe that's why I didn't remember who took what place.

00:27:07.897 --> 00:27:09.814
I was too busy enjoying my pizza.

00:27:10.395 --> 00:27:13.021
End quote Wow Okay.

00:27:13.950 --> 00:27:14.750
In October.

00:27:14.750 --> 00:27:21.853
She said quote some reservists from Montenegro have entered Herzegovina.

00:27:21.992 --> 00:27:23.054
Herzegovina yeah.

00:27:23.913 --> 00:27:24.374
Why?

00:27:24.374 --> 00:27:29.373
For what Politics, it seems, but I don't understand politics.

00:27:29.373 --> 00:27:36.969
Right After Slovenia and Croatia, are the winds of war now blowing toward Bosnia or Herzegovina.

00:27:36.969 --> 00:27:39.480
No, that's impossible.

00:27:39.839 --> 00:27:40.240
End quote.

00:27:40.240 --> 00:27:41.303
Or Herzegovina.

00:27:41.785 --> 00:27:42.306
That's the one.

00:27:42.747 --> 00:27:43.587
Is Herzegovina.

00:27:47.134 --> 00:27:50.025
Barricades start to form around the city.

00:27:50.025 --> 00:27:53.162
Oh boy, Bread is is becoming rare.

00:27:53.162 --> 00:28:00.984
People are getting scared right rightly so between april 5th and april 6th in 1992.

00:28:00.984 --> 00:28:03.209
Okay, violence erupted.

00:28:03.209 --> 00:28:12.549
Oh boy, there was a peaceful anti-war protest in sarajevo, which was shattered by gunfire.

00:28:12.755 --> 00:28:14.259
And well done on saying it properly.

00:28:14.259 --> 00:28:15.484
Thank you, you're welcome.

00:28:16.236 --> 00:28:28.795
And shortly after, serb national forces began blockading the city, okay, and suddenly Sarajevo was encircled by artillery on the hills, so they're kind of in a valley Gotcha.

00:28:29.236 --> 00:28:44.442
So yeah, there's just just, they're just surrounding, they're surrounding them, that sucks the siege of sarajevo began and overnight the city's 380,000 residents that's a lot found themselves cut off from the world.

00:28:44.442 --> 00:28:51.836
Okay, zolotic says, quote when the war started, I thought the fighting was gonna to last about a month, and this was after.

00:28:51.836 --> 00:28:56.106
The fact that she's quoting this Sure, makes sense.

00:28:56.106 --> 00:28:59.986
But one month turned into many, and they got hit really hard.

00:28:59.986 --> 00:29:06.905
Right as shells rained down on the daily, snipers were on every street.

00:29:06.905 --> 00:29:08.689
Could you imagine, jesus Christ?

00:29:08.689 --> 00:29:11.522
And daily life became an everyday battle.

00:29:11.542 --> 00:29:13.941
Well right, I mean just doing anything.

00:29:15.015 --> 00:29:17.181
And Zlata and other children her age.

00:29:17.181 --> 00:29:18.885
They grew up fast.

00:29:18.885 --> 00:29:25.031
Reading this book, reading her diary, you can't imagine she's only 11.

00:29:25.031 --> 00:29:29.664
Ah, I bet Like just some of the things that she says, some of the words that she uses.

00:29:29.664 --> 00:29:31.115
It's like Wait a minute, what?

00:29:31.115 --> 00:29:32.739
Are you sure you're not 15?

00:29:32.858 --> 00:29:43.926
16 even older, yeah jesus, you're 11 well, war makes you grow up fast yeah I mean, look at all the you like world war ii, as we've stated many times.

00:29:43.926 --> 00:29:49.963
Look at all the young men who went to war that weren't even technically old enough to go but they lied just to do it.

00:29:50.826 --> 00:29:52.568
You know they grew up real quick.

00:29:52.568 --> 00:30:04.416
Yeah, so they did, though while there's a line in that sullivan song too, it was like I'm gonna butcher it right now, but like overnight my buddies turned into men or whatever, something like that.

00:30:04.416 --> 00:30:09.586
I don't remember exact line off the top of my head right now, but war, war will make you grow up fast.

00:30:09.666 --> 00:30:24.384
Yes, so schools would close and zalata recalls that she actually only attended school about once every three days due to the fighting wow, and the rest of the time she would try to read books, practice piano.

00:30:24.384 --> 00:30:32.048
Um, she would be huddled in her parents cellar for for days at a time because of the shelling.

00:30:32.474 --> 00:30:34.823
So did she go down there just for safety purposes?

00:30:34.863 --> 00:30:37.976
Yes, like her family and the neighbors.

00:30:37.976 --> 00:30:39.896
They would all like huddle together.

00:30:39.896 --> 00:30:40.597
Don't you dare?

00:30:40.597 --> 00:30:42.337
I'm sorry, don't you dare.

00:30:42.337 --> 00:30:45.140
I'm not trying Drink more, okay.

00:30:46.039 --> 00:30:46.441
Cheers.

00:30:48.541 --> 00:30:55.065
So, with schools closed, Lotta and other kids used the dim echoey cellar for lessons by candlelight.

00:30:55.065 --> 00:30:55.645
That's wild.

00:30:55.645 --> 00:30:58.507
They tried to improvise games.

00:30:58.507 --> 00:31:09.692
They played cards as best they could and Zlata often wrote in Mimi down there Right, and the only time she felt calm enough to record her thoughts were between explosions.

00:31:13.115 --> 00:31:13.757
Well, I mean, can you blame her?

00:31:13.757 --> 00:31:29.775
No, I don't know how you'd feel comfortable, like you know, it's just that that's wild the cellar floor was concrete okay the air was stale, water seeped in, but they were draped.

00:31:29.815 --> 00:31:35.380
They draped blankets amongst themselves, they shared canned food and they huddled together for warmth.

00:31:35.380 --> 00:31:37.284
Right, they went through several winters.

00:31:37.284 --> 00:31:38.788
Oh that's crazy.

00:31:38.788 --> 00:31:53.348
That could not have been comfortable several winters without electricity and heat and gas and wow, yeah, bread they nothing, yes, nothing of normal shit you should have.

00:31:53.648 --> 00:31:54.049
Basically.

00:31:55.075 --> 00:32:13.653
So to tame her fear a little bit, zlata nicknamed the booming shells Chico and Cece Okay, and she sometimes joked about them in her diary, but it was just kind of a way to remove the fear lighten the mood.

00:32:13.653 --> 00:32:16.999
Lighten the mood, chico and cc were actually animals of hers.

00:32:16.999 --> 00:32:41.749
Oh okay, chico, I think, was her bird and cc was her cat, both which passed away during the war so she had a bird, a cat and a goldfish yes, the goldfish died before I get that the war, but yes, right um the cellar became wonderful applaud thank you the cellar became both a prison and their refuge.

00:32:44.298 --> 00:32:49.204
It was their home for a while well, yeah, you said there were what?

00:32:49.526 --> 00:32:51.407
three winters, several winters.

00:32:51.407 --> 00:32:53.111
Did you have a specific number?

00:32:53.455 --> 00:32:55.219
so it started um.

00:32:55.219 --> 00:33:04.338
So she started writing in like september of 91 yeah, that's when she was 11 and the siege in her birthday's december.

00:33:04.338 --> 00:33:08.463
So she was 12 then when the siege started in April of 92.

00:33:08.463 --> 00:33:09.365
Gotcha yes.

00:33:14.394 --> 00:33:14.595
Delicious.

00:33:16.919 --> 00:33:24.434
So, early on, zlata gushed about slumber parties and favorite songs Right.

00:33:24.434 --> 00:33:43.577
And then, just like a few months later, the start of her journals were slaughter, massacre oh boy horrors that's terrible because of the violence around her oh right at one point she writes I just walked through my beautiful sarajevo sarajevo sarajevo.

00:33:43.577 --> 00:33:51.769
It makes me so sad, right, and it felt like her childhood was just put on hold during all of this.

00:33:51.808 --> 00:33:57.067
Oh, 100%, and rightly so, because you're trapped in a basement.

00:33:57.067 --> 00:34:03.523
All right, you can't do your normal stuff, can't even go to school properly, or every third day, or whatever it was.

00:34:03.523 --> 00:34:05.803
But yeah, no kidding.

00:34:06.474 --> 00:34:12.818
So Zlata says, quote, quote a school, a school girl.

00:34:12.818 --> 00:34:31.931
Without a school, without the fun and excitement of school, a child without games, without friends, without the sun, without birds, without nature, without fruit, without chocolate or sweets, with just a little powdered milk.

00:34:32.393 --> 00:34:32.932
Oh boy.

00:34:33.215 --> 00:34:37.481
In short, a child without a childhood, a wartime child.

00:34:37.581 --> 00:34:41.666
Yep End quote 100% correct there, damn, that is terrible.

00:34:43.735 --> 00:34:49.387
Zlata describes living on humanitarian aid rations like canned food.

00:34:49.608 --> 00:34:49.849
Okay.

00:34:50.135 --> 00:34:59.079
And occasionally they'd put a little bit of chocolate in there, but it was a little while before they were able to get some of these rations it reminds me of that book.

00:34:59.099 --> 00:35:05.978
We both listened to tailspin, where they, like everyone, always took his, their chocolate out of the soldiers and stuff.

00:35:06.259 --> 00:35:22.717
Yeah, it's apparently a common practice yes, um, they did have a little wooden stove okay and they would like get to the point of having to, like, chop up all their furniture in order to produce heat keep it going, yeah, yeah gotcha.

00:35:24.039 --> 00:35:30.338
So, um, the basements and the shelters were their homes, their playgrounds or classrooms.

00:35:30.338 --> 00:35:35.545
During all these years Zlata's family did their best to kind of keep her in some type of routine.

00:35:35.545 --> 00:35:41.327
Okay, her father would risk sniper fire to fetch water from the public pump.

00:35:41.327 --> 00:35:47.824
They would do that at least once a day, and then there was a point where I think he got a hernia.

00:35:47.824 --> 00:35:52.677
He was able to see a doctor somehow and the doctor was like you can't be lifting anything.

00:35:52.677 --> 00:35:56.300
So then it was on his wife to go and pick up all this water.

00:35:56.300 --> 00:36:03.541
But they would still have little birthday parties here and there.

00:36:03.735 --> 00:36:08.934
Isn't that wild to think that people who are in that situation would still have birthday parties?

00:36:10.541 --> 00:36:11.143
I moved it.

00:36:11.143 --> 00:36:13.623
I gotta stretch out my legs.

00:36:13.623 --> 00:36:17.342
I feel like we should name him.

00:36:19.677 --> 00:36:20.400
What should we name him I?

00:36:20.440 --> 00:36:20.902
don't know.

00:36:20.902 --> 00:36:22.639
We'll ask the public for some help.

00:36:23.581 --> 00:36:23.882
Okay.

00:36:24.163 --> 00:36:24.764
Name him.

00:36:25.344 --> 00:36:26.086
Public help.

00:36:26.735 --> 00:36:29.673
Okay, so A birthday party.

00:36:29.673 --> 00:36:36.387
There was a chocolate cake made from powdered eggs and powdered milk from the aid packages.

00:36:36.387 --> 00:36:40.585
Okay, they actually loved it because they weren't used to it at this point.

00:36:40.974 --> 00:36:43.704
Well, at that point it was something special, yeah, so?

00:36:43.864 --> 00:36:44.065
Yeah.

00:36:44.065 --> 00:36:49.567
One entry in the diary describes the death of Zlata's friend Nina.

00:36:49.567 --> 00:36:57.739
Sorry, I was.

00:36:57.759 --> 00:37:00.864
He's not laughing at that, he's for those of you who are just listening and not watching.

00:37:00.925 --> 00:37:01.686
Um, oh, good point.

00:37:01.686 --> 00:37:03.557
I thought my canvas was falling over.

00:37:03.577 --> 00:37:05.525
She had to give the quick uh quick side.

00:37:05.525 --> 00:37:09.798
Look to uh the the buffoon's picture painting.

00:37:09.798 --> 00:37:12.806
All right, so I'm sorry that's so sad, Nina.

00:37:13.076 --> 00:37:19.264
Nina was a classmate who used to play in the park with her, and one day she was just killed by shrapnel from a shell.

00:37:19.264 --> 00:37:19.605
Oh fuck.

00:37:20.775 --> 00:37:22.623
I'm assuming she was similar age.

00:37:23.286 --> 00:37:24.711
Yes, okay.

00:37:24.711 --> 00:37:28.885
Zlata pours her grief out onto her pages.

00:37:28.885 --> 00:37:30.492
She writes that the war is disgusting.

00:37:30.492 --> 00:37:34.844
And laments that her own childhood is being stolen.

00:37:34.844 --> 00:37:40.601
Okay, but she also does express some hope that maybe tomorrow the war will end.

00:37:41.605 --> 00:37:42.427
Wouldn't that be lovely.

00:37:43.376 --> 00:37:44.239
In one interview.

00:37:44.239 --> 00:37:48.601
After the fact she said, quote the most important thing I learned is just to stay alive.

00:37:48.601 --> 00:37:54.262
You keep living day to day, looking for food and water, never knowing when you might have to run for your life.

00:37:54.262 --> 00:37:55.405
Right Quote, wow.

00:37:56.476 --> 00:38:07.025
I couldn't imagine having to like think that way, as at that age, you know, it's just, I mean, she's only a year older than me, younger than me, excuse me, um.

00:38:07.025 --> 00:38:14.041
So it's like, excuse me, um, so it's like I was right there with her, but in a completely different fucking situation.

00:38:14.041 --> 00:38:18.416
Obviously, growing up in the states, I know so I couldn't imagine being that age and having to think that that way.

00:38:18.956 --> 00:38:40.918
That's just wild and it's sad that a kid who can't even grow up wow so the the slow yugoslav wars was a conflict where yesterday's next door neighbor could be today's mortal enemy.

00:38:40.918 --> 00:38:43.161
Right, it was just.

00:38:43.161 --> 00:38:49.280
It's purely ethnic identity and it just a flip of a switch which is too bad.

00:38:49.280 --> 00:38:50.728
All of a sudden, we're against each other.

00:38:50.728 --> 00:38:58.168
Yeah, former friends found themselves divided by these stupid invisible lines that no one said.

00:38:58.168 --> 00:38:59.617
Hey, you have to fight so and so?

00:38:59.617 --> 00:39:00.400
No, you don't.

00:39:00.400 --> 00:39:02.485
You don't have to, you're choosing to.

00:39:03.349 --> 00:39:32.130
They were just basically told to, so one observer noted, poisonous politics ended up quoting, dividing friends, neighbors and even families by their ethnic or religious affiliation, and quote in multi ethnic Bosnia, countless mixed families were left torn, one cousin in a Bosnian army, another cousin in the Serb army, literally shooting at each other.

00:39:32.130 --> 00:39:33.112
Isn't that wild?

00:39:33.112 --> 00:39:34.514
It's crazy.

00:39:34.534 --> 00:39:43.340
Because you basically thought you had to, but you really didn't Not even so much told you you had to.

00:39:43.340 --> 00:39:45.666
It's just like well, I'm on this side, so I got to do this.

00:39:45.666 --> 00:39:48.443
You don't, but okay.

00:39:51.119 --> 00:39:58.817
Bosnia had three factions Serb nationals wanted to carve out a greater Serbia Okay Okay.

00:39:58.817 --> 00:40:02.755
And they were willing to besiege all these cities and villages to do it Right.

00:40:02.755 --> 00:40:12.322
Then there were Croat nationalists that wanted a greater Croatia Croat just In parts of Bosnia Well sure.

00:40:12.322 --> 00:40:24.286
And there's Bosniak Muslims who were basically caught in the middle, fighting for multi-ethnic Bosnia Right Okay.

00:40:24.286 --> 00:40:28.648
These alliances shifted like some weird soap opera.

00:40:28.648 --> 00:40:41.664
Plot Soap opera, but the Bosniaks and the Crotes, initially allies against the Serbs, ended up fighting each other for about a year and then they're like let's not do that.

00:40:42.896 --> 00:40:44.039
Let's not do that.

00:40:44.039 --> 00:40:45.364
Let's not do that yeah.

00:40:45.996 --> 00:40:49.610
So it was like they couldn't even make up like who the enemy was.

00:40:49.891 --> 00:40:50.875
Right yeah, no kidding.

00:40:51.978 --> 00:41:07.003
So the Sarahavians, saravios, saravians, sarahavos, sarahavos.

00:41:11.045 --> 00:41:12.309
It sounds like Navajos.

00:41:16.255 --> 00:41:16.456
Sarahavos.

00:41:16.456 --> 00:41:17.298
It sounds like navajos sarahavos.

00:41:17.298 --> 00:41:19.708
They actually developed some kind of weird dark humor during all of this as like a coping mechanism.

00:41:19.728 --> 00:41:21.114
Well, I mean, you've known me for a while.

00:41:21.114 --> 00:41:28.784
I typically use dark humor all the time, especially in this.

00:41:28.784 --> 00:41:38.230
I've never been in this setting, but you know what I mean like something you wouldn't, you shouldn't do it in, but you do, yeah, because it just it's a coping thing.

00:41:38.371 --> 00:41:46.663
So, yeah, I get that so they, they kind of thought it in the way of if we don't laugh, we're going to cry.

00:41:46.862 --> 00:41:47.523
Yeah, sure.

00:41:47.704 --> 00:41:58.175
Yeah, so there was one example of the Miss Besieged Sarah Hayvo Beauty Pageant held in a basement in May of 1993.

00:41:58.195 --> 00:41:58.295
Okay.

00:41:59.056 --> 00:42:33.130
While shells fell outside, a group of Sarah Hayvian women organized a full-on beauty contest underground, complete with an audience of locals, of un peacekeepers, of journalists packed into like a makeshift bunker turned ballroom that's fucked up, wow the contestants dolled up as best they could with a little mascara and maybe a little rouge and paraded to cheers and flashlight spotlights okay and, at the end, the winner, who was a 17 year old.

00:42:34.978 --> 00:42:46.686
They had a handwritten banner for the cameras because there were journalists there, yeah, and it read don't let them kill us, oh shit I mean, I bet they really didn't want to die.

00:42:46.706 --> 00:42:49.760
No, but isn't it sad you had to write that on a fucking sign?

00:42:50.222 --> 00:43:00.197
good lord, that's wild so there is a u2 song, the band u2 I'm very familiar some people might not be do you know where they're from?

00:43:00.197 --> 00:43:05.628
Milwaukee what the fuck I don't know you when you ask me.

00:43:05.628 --> 00:43:06.356
Do you know where they're from?

00:43:06.356 --> 00:43:09.686
It's probably somewhere close to us ireland okay.

00:43:09.686 --> 00:43:15.378
Well, they have a song called miss sarajevo, sarajevo miss sarajevo.

00:43:17.001 --> 00:43:17.782
Who's the singer?

00:43:17.782 --> 00:43:23.369
Dave matthews bono, dave matthews.

00:43:23.369 --> 00:43:24.815
He has his own band.

00:43:24.815 --> 00:43:27.940
Yeah, it's the dave matthews band uh.

00:43:28.461 --> 00:43:37.244
Sarajevians often joked about the Unporfor, the, what, the Unprofor, unprofor.

00:43:37.244 --> 00:43:41.061
They were the United Nations Protection Force.

00:43:41.684 --> 00:43:43.027
Oh Okay.

00:43:44.275 --> 00:43:46.782
The Peacekeepers who had the bright blue helmets.

00:43:46.782 --> 00:43:48.206
They actually nicknamed the Smurfs.

00:43:50.137 --> 00:43:52.786
Did they have a pop of Smurf and a Smurfette?

00:43:54.056 --> 00:44:02.481
They nicknamed the Smurfs, yes, because of their blue helmets, but also because they were small in number and they were kind of useless.

00:44:04.275 --> 00:44:05.380
Smurfs are not useless.

00:44:05.380 --> 00:44:07.021
Brainy Smurf knew a lot of shit.

00:44:08.436 --> 00:44:23.088
One joke went around that a un soldier's to-do list and sarajevo said number one duck incoming fire yep number two hand out food okay number three take a coffee break.

00:44:23.088 --> 00:44:24.677
Coffee break.

00:44:24.677 --> 00:44:28.123
Number four get yelled at by locals for not stopping the war.

00:44:30.608 --> 00:44:31.869
I mean okay.

00:44:31.869 --> 00:44:35.346
I mean you can't blame them for wanting the war to stop.

00:44:35.346 --> 00:44:38.034
So all right, wow, okay.

00:44:38.476 --> 00:44:44.949
So it wasn't until late 1995 that decisive action was starting to take place.

00:44:44.949 --> 00:44:58.403
It's kind of crazy how long it's lasted, but yeah, no kidding um, it's kind of crazy how long it's lasted, but yeah, no kidding, um zlata does kind of note deliveries of the humanitarian aid and gratitude.

00:44:58.403 --> 00:45:11.969
Um, she knew enough to write about politics in the situation, but she didn't quite understand politics right well, no, I mean, I shit, I don't yeah a lot of people don't understand politics.

00:45:12.050 --> 00:45:22.422
It's just how the, with all the fucking nuance and everything that goes on with it and all the tomfoolery that also all those fucking people do, it's like, how can you understand it?

00:45:22.422 --> 00:45:23.606
Yeah, unless you're in it.

00:45:23.606 --> 00:45:24.577
Yeah, and I'm.

00:45:24.577 --> 00:45:29.204
I know I'm speaking very generally and I'm talking about myself, not other people.

00:45:29.204 --> 00:45:30.708
Some people might have a handle on it.

00:45:31.088 --> 00:45:52.269
I fucking don't so zlata said later after this whole thing she says, quote there is no hope for anyone, because the politicians ruined what had been a model place for all different people to live together there you go but sarajevo's spirit wasn't broken Fuck no.

00:45:53.155 --> 00:45:56.666
Under siege the city had this booming underground culture.

00:45:56.666 --> 00:46:08.990
They had secret schools, concerts by candlelight and even like these little satirical theaters which would kind of make fun at the wartime absurdities.

00:46:08.990 --> 00:46:13.003
Parents tried to shield their kids from the hate.

00:46:13.003 --> 00:46:25.126
In the multi-ethnic families they taught children to be very proud of who they are, what their heritage is, even as extremists outside could literally kill them for it.

00:46:26.275 --> 00:46:28.463
It's just so sad they had to go through this.

00:46:28.463 --> 00:46:28.905
Yes.

00:46:29.855 --> 00:46:36.268
So of course, it's impossible to talk about Zlata's diary and not mention Anne Frank in her diary.

00:46:36.494 --> 00:46:38.463
Well, I mean she was inspired by it.

00:46:38.954 --> 00:46:41.563
There have been comparisons made between the two.

00:46:41.563 --> 00:46:47.666
Okay, Like they're both writers in their diary.

00:46:47.666 --> 00:46:50.403
They're both young, they're both hiding.

00:46:50.403 --> 00:46:53.496
They both named their diary.

00:46:53.496 --> 00:46:54.659
They're both young, they're both hiding um.

00:46:54.679 --> 00:46:55.320
They both named their diary.

00:46:55.320 --> 00:46:58.726
Do you, do you remember or did you come across what anne frank named her diary?

00:46:58.726 --> 00:47:01.197
I guess kitty, kitty, I don't.

00:47:01.197 --> 00:47:05.360
I'm sorry if you said that earlier no, I didn't okay, I read she did not have kitty.

00:47:05.360 --> 00:47:07.422
Oh, as part of the diary.

00:47:07.443 --> 00:47:20.449
I don't know why they would remove that out of the publication.

00:47:20.449 --> 00:47:28.643
Yeah, that's weird, but her actual diary had dear kitty oh, that's odd, though, yeah I don't know why, my version Anyway.

00:47:29.224 --> 00:47:33.070
I was just curious and I'm glad that was part of your research, or at least memory.

00:47:33.291 --> 00:47:40.168
Yeah, but both diaries kind of chronicled this loss of childhood in a sense right.

00:47:40.409 --> 00:47:41.376
Yeah, Sorry.

00:47:41.516 --> 00:47:43.423
I had to stretch my back is killing me.

00:47:43.423 --> 00:47:49.322
But at one point Zlata does say, quote Some people compare me with Anne Frank.

00:47:49.322 --> 00:47:56.639
That frightens me, mimi, I don't want to suffer her fate.

00:47:56.659 --> 00:47:57.480
End quote.

00:47:57.480 --> 00:48:01.126
So why did people compare her?

00:48:01.126 --> 00:48:02.487
Just because she wrote in a diary?

00:48:02.487 --> 00:48:03.250
That's literally it.

00:48:03.250 --> 00:48:09.014
She wrote in a diary during wartime as a child and so people like, hey, anne Frank did that.

00:48:09.014 --> 00:48:10.521
Yeah, okay, gotcha, gotcha.

00:48:12.014 --> 00:48:28.760
So Zlata's personal war kind of ended around 1993, so the war went on to 95 okay but zlata's kind of ended around 93 is that when she expanded, not just she was um evacuated oh from sarajevo with the help of the united nations, gotcha um.

00:48:28.760 --> 00:48:37.003
By then she was about 13 years old and she had filled her diary with two years worth of these wartime memories well, yeah, fuck that's.

00:48:37.003 --> 00:48:46.905
That's a long fucking time the fighting was still raging, but foreign journalists and humanitarian groups had found out about zlata's writings.

00:48:46.925 --> 00:48:47.364
Okay.

00:48:48.367 --> 00:48:52.050
And so parts of her diary were published.

00:48:53.856 --> 00:48:54.699
Without her knowledge.

00:48:54.699 --> 00:48:56.666
No, okay, they got her permission.

00:48:56.666 --> 00:48:59.744
I'm just making sure, because that would be a real dick move.

00:49:00.356 --> 00:49:04.885
They printed about 45 pages to raise awareness for UNICEF.

00:49:05.527 --> 00:49:05.768
Okay.

00:49:07.195 --> 00:49:09.943
And reporters would visit Zlata's family.

00:49:09.943 --> 00:49:14.465
That's wild Dodging snipers to get there, essentially to interview her.

00:49:15.715 --> 00:49:17.181
That is fucking dedication.

00:49:17.414 --> 00:49:21.746
There was a French humanitarian group that arranged for Zlata and her family to get out.

00:49:21.746 --> 00:49:30.309
Okay, so they got them out onto a UN plane bound straight for Paris just before Christmas in 93.

00:49:30.309 --> 00:49:35.001
Okay, a un plane bound straight for paris just before christmas in 93.

00:49:35.001 --> 00:49:37.548
Okay, um, she did have to leave behind her grandparents, which she would try to visit when she was able to.

00:49:37.548 --> 00:49:40.679
Right, they didn't live too far away, but far enough that it's.

00:49:40.679 --> 00:49:50.085
It was unsafe to go often, gotcha, she managed to grab her teddy bears in her diary oh, in her flea vesper would definitely grab her stuffies.

00:49:50.146 --> 00:49:59.295
Yeah, yeah, she calls them so so in paris um her diary was published in france, it became an instant bestseller.

00:49:59.295 --> 00:50:00.679
Stop it, I'm sorry.

00:50:00.798 --> 00:50:06.637
I'm sorry I just need more oxygen to the brain she became an instant bestseller.

00:50:07.480 --> 00:50:30.264
It topped france's non-fiction charts and publishing rights um were snapped, snatched up by other publishers in a dozen countries okay so when zlata's diary came out, in what I thought, you were yawning again no, I'm just sorry, we're almost done I get that and I'm not.

00:50:30.264 --> 00:50:52.190
I'm not complaining, I'm not saying anything, I just I need to stand up we're almost at I know, okay, so we got this zlata's diary came out in english in 94 okay um zlata did a press tour, media interviews and she she basically wanted to publish this.

00:50:52.650 --> 00:50:52.871
Right.

00:50:54.094 --> 00:50:56.039
So she could help the children of Sarajevo.

00:50:56.039 --> 00:51:00.606
Sarajevo, yes, sorry.

00:51:00.606 --> 00:51:06.465
After a year in Paris, zlata's family moved to Dublin, ireland.

00:51:06.465 --> 00:51:07.568
Hey, where are you two from?

00:51:07.568 --> 00:51:16.387
Zlata grew up to become a human rights activist and author okay she eventually graduated from university.

00:51:16.387 --> 00:51:19.536
She studied at oxford and the dublin's trinity college.

00:51:19.536 --> 00:51:20.737
Look at her go.

00:51:20.737 --> 00:51:26.168
Zlata's diary itself remains um a widely read memoir.

00:51:26.168 --> 00:51:28.699
Okay that is assigned in schools.

00:51:28.699 --> 00:51:29.380
What's the?

00:51:29.440 --> 00:51:29.902
name of it.

00:51:30.423 --> 00:51:31.346
Zlata's Diary.

00:51:31.574 --> 00:51:32.780
That's literally all it's called.

00:51:32.780 --> 00:51:35.637
I've never heard of this, but I also.

00:51:35.637 --> 00:51:49.128
Again, I was, like I said, I'm a year older than her, so I suppose by the time it would have gotten to schools or stuff, I was out of that shit, or past whatever age I guess, but okay.

00:51:50.215 --> 00:51:54.907
So the Sarajevo that was left behind was slowly rebuilt.

00:51:54.907 --> 00:51:59.922
Okay, the siege was lifted in February of 96.

00:51:59.922 --> 00:52:00.605
Wow.

00:52:01.547 --> 00:52:02.268
Jesus Christ.

00:52:02.596 --> 00:52:05.791
Over 10,000 people died in Sarajevo alone.

00:52:05.791 --> 00:52:08.157
Right 1,600 of them were children.

00:52:08.157 --> 00:52:08.777
Fuck that's a lot.

00:52:08.777 --> 00:52:10.739
Right, 1,600 of them were children Fuck that's a lot.

00:52:10.739 --> 00:52:18.847
They reopened schools, theaters, cafes and tried to knit all these multicultural families back together.

00:52:18.847 --> 00:52:25.574
Sure, bosnia and Herzegovina is at peace, thank God.

00:52:25.574 --> 00:52:27.726
What's that?

00:52:27.726 --> 00:52:32.628
The war's aftermath is still a little bit complicated.

00:52:32.628 --> 00:52:36.398
Um, there were war crime trials oh boy um.

00:52:36.498 --> 00:52:56.342
But there is organizations like the war childhood museum in sarajevo, sarajevo, which now preserve the memories of the children who endured the conflict and who, yeah, made it through that shit so war in this case was not just about the generals and the battles.

00:52:56.342 --> 00:53:04.485
It was about families cowering in basements, right kids riding by candlelight, friends saying goodbye at funerals.

00:53:04.485 --> 00:53:15.451
Ethnic hatred turned neighbors into targets and international politics turned a local crisis into years of suffering Wild.

00:53:16.112 --> 00:53:16.333
Okay.

00:53:16.894 --> 00:53:24.414
One of Zlata's own diary entries near the end of her book captures kind of a bittersweet note as she prepares to leave her town.

00:53:24.414 --> 00:53:41.782
Okay, she addresses her diary one last time and she wills for hope and for peace and to protect her friends that she had to leave behind that's just so sad because, like, having to leave your friends behind like they did is just like I don't know.

00:53:43.387 --> 00:53:47.557
It's hard for me to grasp it because I've never had to go through anything anywhere remotely similar.

00:53:47.557 --> 00:53:51.003
Yeah, but leaving friends behind like that and shit is just fucking wild.

00:53:51.103 --> 00:54:03.400
Yeah, because of the war-torn people yeah I don't know so yugoslavia officially dissolved, yeah, on june 5th 2006.

00:54:03.400 --> 00:54:04.822
Wow, not until then.

00:54:04.822 --> 00:54:08.427
Like I knew of yugoslavia, so do I I.

00:54:08.427 --> 00:54:15.041
And now it's not even a thing anymore no, and it's funny because I don't.

00:54:15.121 --> 00:54:23.280
I guess I don't know the time frame in my in my life, but yeah, I always knew about yugoslavia, yugoslavia, and then now there's no.

00:54:23.280 --> 00:54:31.675
I remember that vaguely, not well, but you know, and that's why I knew, like bosnia-herzegovina and sarajevo and all that.

00:54:31.675 --> 00:54:39.228
But yeah, I think I mean it was years after that fact, but this is also many years ago.

00:54:39.228 --> 00:54:42.440
Now I'm like yugoslavia is not a thing anymore.

00:54:42.740 --> 00:55:05.056
Yeah, it's like holy fuck so when montenegro, which is another little republic, declared its independence, that was around 2006, okay, and it effectively ended the state union of serbia and montenegro, which was part of the federal republic of yugoslavia, right yeah so they were the last ones to be like okay, we want to be independent too.

00:55:05.077 --> 00:55:09.664
So now there is no yugoslavia so that was like the last thread holding on to Yugoslavia.

00:55:09.664 --> 00:55:11.989
Yes, exactly yes, wow.

00:55:12.088 --> 00:55:19.206
So that is the story of Zlata and the Yugoslav war in the early 90s.

00:55:19.206 --> 00:55:20.550
You made it through.

00:55:22.557 --> 00:55:26.443
I'm sorry, I'm really warm it's really warm up here.

00:55:26.443 --> 00:55:28.326
I don't know why it's so warm up here.

00:55:28.326 --> 00:55:31.690
Right now it's very warm and that does not bode well for Bradley.

00:55:31.690 --> 00:55:40.099
When I get warm, I get tired and I fucking shut down and I hate that.

00:55:40.099 --> 00:55:40.681
So I'm sorry.

00:55:40.681 --> 00:55:43.121
It's okay it wasn't because I wasn't interested.

00:55:43.121 --> 00:55:45.521
I'm sorry about the occasional yawn.

00:55:45.521 --> 00:55:48.775
It's okay, it is really.

00:55:48.775 --> 00:55:50.036
Why is it so warm up here?

00:55:50.036 --> 00:55:50.557
I don't know.

00:55:50.557 --> 00:55:51.259
It's okay, it is really.

00:55:51.259 --> 00:55:52.199
Why is it so warm up here?

00:55:52.199 --> 00:55:53.380
Seriously, but anyways, okay, no, that is.

00:55:54.081 --> 00:55:54.983
It's a sad story.

00:55:55.003 --> 00:55:57.786
It is a sad story and that's really on track for our brand.

00:55:57.965 --> 00:56:06.719
So I mean I was looking up happy stories earlier I was like no, that one sucks.

00:56:06.719 --> 00:56:07.681
No, that one sucks.

00:56:07.742 --> 00:56:10.199
Happy story Yugoslavia breaking up.

00:56:11.523 --> 00:56:15.842
Okay, okay, last thoughts on Pig Farmer.

00:56:16.021 --> 00:56:17.606
I liked it I do too.

00:56:17.666 --> 00:56:18.007
I like it.

00:56:18.106 --> 00:56:20.340
It's a pale ale, it's not like a.

00:56:20.340 --> 00:56:27.972
It's a pale ale that you actually can get behind, because, again, it's not super pale ale-y.

00:56:27.972 --> 00:56:37.271
Yeah, not super pale aly yeah it's maybe a bit more than like the founders of what you like the session, but it's not a ton yeah, no.

00:56:37.271 --> 00:56:44.139
I really enjoyed it, though I can't recall when I used to sell this, if I've ever had this one, but whether I did.

00:56:44.139 --> 00:56:47.525
I forgot and I apologize, but I really like it it's really good.

00:56:48.326 --> 00:56:51.262
I would definitely have some deusterbacks.

00:56:51.262 --> 00:56:52.826
Pig's Pig Farmer again, mm-hmm.

00:56:52.826 --> 00:56:56.523
So maybe we should go there one of these days again when you come to visit.

00:56:56.523 --> 00:57:03.525
Sure, it's not that far from where I live and they got yeah, it's cool with the barn and stuff and so on, whatever.

00:57:03.525 --> 00:57:05.581
But yeah, I really like it.

00:57:05.581 --> 00:57:06.605
It's not bad at all.

00:57:07.355 --> 00:57:07.695
Awesome.

00:57:07.815 --> 00:57:08.797
I'm glad you enjoyed it.

00:57:09.797 --> 00:57:10.018
Yes.

00:57:10.898 --> 00:57:11.179
Well.

00:57:11.179 --> 00:57:13.521
I suppose, All right, buffoons.

00:57:13.521 --> 00:57:14.943
That's it for today's episode.

00:57:15.523 --> 00:57:18.768
Buckle up, because we've got another historical adventure waiting for you.

00:57:18.768 --> 00:57:26.844
Next time Feeling hungry for more buffoonery, or maybe you have a burning question or a wild historical theory for us to explore.

00:57:27.063 --> 00:57:28.387
Hit us up on social media.

00:57:28.387 --> 00:57:33.137
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00:57:33.137 --> 00:57:37.711
You can also email us at historybuffoonspodcast at gmailcom.

00:57:37.711 --> 00:57:39.097
We are Bradley and Kate.

00:57:39.097 --> 00:57:40.722
Music by Corey Akers.

00:57:41.043 --> 00:57:45.617
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00:57:46.099 --> 00:57:49.106
Until next time, stay curious and don't forget to rate and review us.

00:57:49.556 --> 00:57:51.664
Remember, the buffoonery never stops.