Nov. 17, 2025

The Tudor Wizard: Cardinal Wolsey

The Tudor Wizard: Cardinal Wolsey
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Power doesn’t just sit on a throne—it lives in the hands that organize, negotiate, and quietly make things happen. We dive into the life of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, the butcher’s son who became England’s most formidable power broker under Henry VIII. From racing through Oxford to mastering finance at Magdalen, Wolsey shaped policy, logistics, and diplomacy with a speed and precision that dazzled a young king who preferred jousts to ledgers.

We walk through Wolsey’s peak: provisioning Henry’s French campaign, collecting titles like Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor, and building Hampton Court into a palace worthy of Europe’s gaze. Yet that same splendor—hundreds of attendants, sumptuous halls, and sharp elbows at court—made enemies. At the same time, he pushed reforms through the Court of Star Chamber, probed land enclosures, and founded learning at Cardinal College (now Christ Church, Oxford) and a grammar school in Ipswich. For many commoners, Wolsey brought the idea that even the powerful could be hauled before the law.

Then we face the fulcrum: Henry’s Great Matter. The king’s demand to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon collided with papal politics and the will of Emperor Charles V. The 1529 legatine court stalled, Catherine’s plea moved hearts, and Rome reclaimed the case. Anne Boleyn’s faction closed in, Henry’s patience snapped, and praemunire crushed Wolsey’s career. Banished north, he prepared at last to serve York fully—only to be arrested for treason and die at Leicester Abbey with the haunting confession that he served the king more diligently than God.

We untangle the myths and measure the legacy: Was Wolsey a vain architect of excess or the administrator who made England function while Henry performed monarchy? Expect sharp storytelling, star turns from Hampton Court to the Field of Cloth of Gold, and a sober look at how loyalty fares when royal desire meets immovable authority. If you love Tudor history, realpolitik, and the lives behind the crown, this one’s for you.

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Thomas Wolsey: 'The Other King'

https://www.hrp.org.uk/hampton-court-palace/history-and-stories/thomas-wolsey/

The life of Cardinal Wolsey by George Cavendish

https://archive.org/details/lifeofcardinalwo00caveuoft/page/16/mode/2up

Spartacus Educational-Cardinal Thomas Wolsey

https://spartacus-educational.com/TUDwolseyT.htm#:~:text=,knew%20how%20to%20win%20men

History Extra- Your guide to Cardinal Wolsey, Tudor statesman and prince of the church

https://www.historyextra.com/period/tudor/cardinal-wolsey-thomas-facts-achievements-death-how-die-where-buried/

Cardinal Thomas Wolsey Archbishop of York Papal Legate ​a latere

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00:00 - Wine, Weather, And Banter

04:33 - Wolsey’s Humble Origins And Early Brilliance

10:55 - Winning Henry VIII And Running The Realm

16:16 - War With France And Rewards Of Power

22:25 - Hampton Court, Wealth, And Enemies

27:35 - Reformer And Patron Of Learning

33:41 - Henry’s Great Matter: The Annulment Quest

41:49 - The 1529 Legatine Court And Collapse

46:27 - Fall From Grace And Exile To York

50:15 - Arrest, Last Words, And Death

54:12 - Reputation, Legacy, And Aftershocks

01:00:10 - Wrap-Up And Listener Callouts

WEBVTT

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And this is History of Buffons.

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Welcome to another episode of the History of Buffons.

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How are you today?

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I'm pretty good.

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Excellent.

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Excellent.

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It feels like it's really a being late here.

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This but it's not.

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I mean, I know we had a time change not that long ago, but and we get the extra hour, but man, it's just so weird.

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Because obviously it's lighter out earlier in the day now and darker earlier in the evening, if you will.

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So yeah, it feels like it's uh it's past my bedtime.

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That's what it feels like, and it's not even five o'clock.

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Yeah, it's it's wild how much that changes.

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I remember um I picked Xavier up from the bus stop yesterday, and he what we wanted to kind of play around outside.

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I'm like, all right, we got a limited amount of time.

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And boy, did we, and it got dark, and I'm like, all right, we gotta go in because I can barely see you.

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Yeah.

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So let's drink to that.

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All right.

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We got some wine this time.

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We're trying something different.

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I'm not normally a wine person.

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Kate normally isn't a wine person, but she does like wine.

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I do.

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I do like some wines, I just don't go out of my way to drink them ever.

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So this one is Cycles Gladiator.

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I like gladiators.

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And it is a 2021 California Sauvignon Blanc.

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Sauve Blanc.

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So it's inspired by the 19th century Bike Spicy.

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Bicycle.

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Our mission is to empower women and honor the great ambitions reflected in the iconic artwork that graces our label.

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Yep.

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Our Sauvignon Blanc is crafted with these ideals in mind and sourced from some of California's top wine-growing regions.

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Enjoy flavors of nectarine, grapefruit, and guava in this wine.

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Interesting.

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Yes.

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So we have emptied the bottle.

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We've only gotten two glasses out of it.

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Two hefty glasses.

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Yeah, so frosty.

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Cheers.

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Cheers to you.

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That is cold.

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I like.

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Do you like?

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So yeah.

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A little on the drier side.

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I didn't realize you liked a little of that.

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It's not as sweet as like a Moscato, obviously, or something like that.

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But so a little backstory, my dad was a huge wine drinker.

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He used to have like even like the subscription where they would send him what 12 random bottles or whatever the fuck it was.

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He was mainly red, but he did like some whites.

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He would have them from time to time.

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The trip out to Colorado, we went to Vail, and there's this particular restaurant.

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I can picture it.

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I'm drawing a blank on the damn name though.

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Um and she will not be named and I were there with my dad.

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And we had this particular soft block.

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Delicious.

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That's how I found out I like soft blocks.

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So I blame my dad for making me like the stuff I like in alcohol.

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Because I was with him in Colorado, and that's where I learned that I like pale ales and IPAs.

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But I'm just kidding, obviously.

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But because I like other things beyond that.

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But anyways, um, so yeah, I've had shit, that was 20 years ago, roughly, give or take.

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So um yeah.

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So I saw that and I'm like, let's try that.

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Because I haven't had a soft blanc or wine in general in all quite a while.

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Yeah.

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So I really like wine.

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I just don't go out of my way to get it.

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Exactly.

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And my biggest thing, and like my dad always thought it was kind of like blasphemy, but he was a big red guy, which is usually a lot, most of them are gonna be drier.

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You drink them at room temperature.

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I can't do that.

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I need them cold, which is why our glosses are frost.

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So so nice.

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I like um Pinot Grigios.

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You do, yes.

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Yes, I think those are delicious.

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Delicious.

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I mean, Sarah likes moscados, they're super sweet, though.

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They're genius.

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They can be I can just drink the whole freaking bottle and just be like, all right, where's the alcohol?

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Yeah, and then later on you're like, huh.

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Because wine drunk is a different kind of drunk.

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It's a different kind of drunk, yeah.

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It's weird.

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Yeah.

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But okay, so we are going to talk about Cardinal Thomas Woolsey.

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Yes, we are, aren't we?

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Did you know that that's what I was gonna talk about?

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I happened to click into the document.

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Rude.

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I was just getting ready for something later, and I'm like, fuck.

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No, but I like it because he is You cheat.

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You cheapskate.

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Because he is directly related to the story of King Henry.

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Yes, and oh gosh, we just did something about King Henry the Eighth.

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And I like that.

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I know, but I try to switch it up.

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We didn't do something on King Henry the Eighth, we did something on uh what's her name?

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Why did I just Lady Jane?

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Thank you.

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Jesus Christ.

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I was gonna like say Jenny, but we already talked about a Jenny in a different story, too.

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Because she was adjacent to the family, so we didn't really do it on King Henry.

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Was there something else that was on King Henry or something?

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We've done a lot of episodes.

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There's a good possibility, but I don't think so.

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Maybe because I was so I was reading into this, I was like, no, we're we just did one.

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No, it's because it's the same fucking story.

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Anyway, let's start.

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Um please.

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Our story begins in a butcher shop in Ipswich, Ipswich.

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And sometime in the early 1470s, we are not exactly sure.

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Sure.

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Um, Thomas Woolsley's father was Robert Wolseley.

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He was a tavern keeper.

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Okay, and he also was a butcher.

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So he had he had the beat the beer and the beef.

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The beef.

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Beer and beef.

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Yeah.

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Beer and beef.

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What else could you ask for?

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Right.

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It's I mean, I it's all I want.

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I know, beer and beef.

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Oh my.

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As I drink a wine.

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Cheers.

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Oh dear.

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Beer and beef.

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God, that I'm hungry.

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So Wolseley wasn't exactly born with a silver spoon in his mouth.

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The spoon was probably used more like for stirring stew or something.

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I'm really glad you didn't say it somewhere else, but yeah.

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The family did have a little bit of money and a little bit of property, but they were far from like the a-list elite.

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Yeah.

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Yeah, yeah.

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Um, Thomas was a commoner and a butcher's boy.

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Um, but um, in the ever-surprising world of the tutors, yep, um, down and out origins were not always a deal breaker.

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No, it almost kind of seemed to flourish within that story, if you will.

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King Henry the Seventh liked finding talented commoners to outshine the nobility.

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Well, because they came from a different spot, you know.

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Like a lot of those people, especially back then, I mean, referencing the the the Lady Jane story.

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Look at what her you know, her dad did.

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And he tried to like cheat the system, if you will, just leave it at that so I don't go into too depth on that story.

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Listen to that episode if you want to hear.

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But like, these people came from nothing per se, or mostly nothing, and they have a different perspective on things.

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However, even though they came from nothing, everything's corrupt.

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Yes.

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Yes.

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Wolseley was talented and ambitious, yes, and very smart.

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Very, yes.

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He was a bright child, like super crazy bright.

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And he sped through his studies so fast that he graduated Oxford University around the age of 15.

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Holy shit, really?

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Yes.

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Good lord.

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In 1498, age unknown, um, he was ordained a priest.

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So when you said the 1470s, that's not roughly when he was born.

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Roughly.

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Okay, so we d obviously we don't know his exact birth year.

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No.

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Um, so he's in his mid to late twenties at this point.

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Yes.

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Okay.

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Give or take.

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Um, so he was or ordained as a priest and he picked up some early career experience um as like a financial man manager called the bursar.

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A burser?

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Burser, sure.

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I think that's what it's I think a financial manager of such.

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Don't quote me on that, but I think it's a burser, but I could be wrong.

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And this was at Magdalene College um in Oxford, where he proved adept at organization and finance.

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Oh, it's good to be organized when you're in finance.

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For sure.

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So Wolseley learned to manage money and people, and these were skills that would treat him very well in years to come.

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Oh, for sure.

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The ambitious priest wasn't going to languish in a country parish.

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No, he wanted he had his sights set on far further in the church.

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Um, networking got him a job as a chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury.

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Nice.

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Okay.

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Woolsey made himself indispensable as a hard worker and frankly a bit of a genius at getting things done.

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Like he is the wedding planner of all wedding planners.

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Okay, okay.

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I'm just saying he's so organized you want him as your wedding planner.

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Wow.

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Okay.

00:10:07.039 --> 00:10:09.679
I mean, I don't think I do, because he's dead.

00:10:10.799 --> 00:10:15.039
So his ambition caught the eye of Henry the Seventh King Henry the Seventh.

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Right.

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And by King Henry's the seventh um final years of his reign, Wolseley had become one of the king's trusted um chaplains as as well beloved um as the king had called him well well-beloved clerk and chaplain.

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Okay.

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Don't know that was why that was so hard to get out.

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Oh, because there are words.

00:10:37.919 --> 00:10:42.960
But the old king soon started sending Wolseley on sensitive diplomatic missions.

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Oh.

00:10:43.679 --> 00:10:49.759
So one famous episode from this time shows just how effective and quick Woolseley could be.

00:10:50.080 --> 00:10:51.600
Can I interject something real quick?

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I knew you would.

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Eventually.

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You have no idea what I'm about to say.

00:10:55.679 --> 00:10:56.480
Okay, what?

00:10:57.039 --> 00:11:01.440
Whenever I hear diplomatic missions, all I can ever think of is Star Wars.

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Why?

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Because she's on a diplomatic mission to Alderon.

00:11:08.720 --> 00:11:09.120
Anyways.

00:11:09.679 --> 00:11:10.799
Diplomatic mission to Alderon.

00:11:10.960 --> 00:11:16.399
Well, I mean, that's what she said to Darth Vader when they they caught up to the Tanta 4 name of the ship.

00:11:16.639 --> 00:11:17.279
Look it up.

00:11:17.679 --> 00:11:19.279
And uh look it up.

00:11:19.519 --> 00:11:20.320
Look it up.

00:11:20.559 --> 00:11:25.919
And uh she he's accusing her of being a traitor and a part of the Rebel Alliance.

00:11:26.080 --> 00:11:28.000
She's like, I'm on a diplomatic mission to Alderon.

00:11:28.159 --> 00:11:28.639
That's right, yeah.

00:11:28.799 --> 00:11:30.639
So, anyways, I love Star Wars.

00:11:30.879 --> 00:11:31.519
Big fan.

00:11:31.840 --> 00:11:37.679
So Henry the Seventh supposedly dispatched him to the Neverlands on like some diplomatic errand, didn't matter what.

00:11:37.840 --> 00:11:46.159
Wolseley completed the mission and returned to England with speed so fast that when he showed up to court, the king scolded him for not having gone yet.

00:11:46.399 --> 00:11:47.039
Oh shit.

00:11:47.200 --> 00:11:49.360
And Wolseley was like, Dude, I just got back.

00:11:49.600 --> 00:11:52.799
Actually, I've already took care of that for you.

00:11:52.960 --> 00:11:53.120
Yeah.

00:11:53.279 --> 00:11:54.720
Wink wink, nudge, nudge.

00:11:55.039 --> 00:11:59.679
So that little story earned him a reputation as like the go-to guy for urgent problems.

00:11:59.919 --> 00:12:00.639
Okay, sure.

00:12:00.879 --> 00:12:09.120
So by 19 nope, by 1509, Henry the Seventh died, and Wolseley was well positioned and well regarded at court.

00:12:09.279 --> 00:12:09.679
Yep.

00:12:09.840 --> 00:12:12.080
So now enter Henry the Eighth.

00:12:12.320 --> 00:12:12.559
Yep.

00:12:12.879 --> 00:12:16.559
17-year-old red-headed prince who suddenly became a chance.

00:12:16.720 --> 00:12:17.440
Was he a redhead?

00:12:17.679 --> 00:12:18.480
I think so.

00:12:19.120 --> 00:12:19.679
Huh.

00:12:19.919 --> 00:12:21.519
Well, Elizabeth was.

00:12:22.879 --> 00:12:24.879
I'm pretty sure he was redhead.

00:12:25.919 --> 00:12:26.879
Oh okay.

00:12:27.039 --> 00:12:28.320
I mean, I'm not questioning you.

00:12:28.399 --> 00:12:36.240
I just I guess every picture I remember seeing, andor I know the TV show The Tudors isn't like a historical document.

00:12:36.399 --> 00:12:36.639
No.

00:12:36.799 --> 00:12:38.399
But now I want to find out.

00:12:38.639 --> 00:12:42.240
I just I guess I've never really I mean it's very possible.

00:12:42.559 --> 00:12:47.039
But you know, redhead hair passed like skips generations, you know that, right?

00:12:47.200 --> 00:12:48.159
Yeah, he was a redhead.

00:12:48.320 --> 00:12:48.879
Was he really?

00:12:48.960 --> 00:12:49.120
Yeah.

00:12:49.279 --> 00:12:56.000
I guess I never really knew that because Sarah's a redhead, and no one in her immediate family is but her grandpa was.

00:12:56.480 --> 00:12:57.840
So it skipped.

00:12:58.080 --> 00:13:06.639
And I met I got the the benefit of meeting her grandpa once before he passed, um early on in our dating years.

00:13:06.879 --> 00:13:10.399
And uh he was all silver, so you could never really tell.

00:13:10.559 --> 00:13:15.679
And it's funny because like redheads don't really go gray, they go silverish, whitish, silver.

00:13:16.080 --> 00:13:19.120
But um, but yeah, apparently he was full on redhead.

00:13:19.600 --> 00:13:20.240
Couldn't tell.

00:13:20.399 --> 00:13:21.519
Yeah, but anyways.

00:13:22.159 --> 00:13:25.519
So Henry was everything his cautious father was not.

00:13:25.600 --> 00:13:33.120
He loved spectacle, jousting, dancing, war, and did not love being in these stuffy council meetings.

00:13:33.440 --> 00:13:35.440
No, he wanted to be out there, yeah.

00:13:35.600 --> 00:13:43.039
So initially Henry VIII inherited some of his father's ministers, um, sure, steady older men who tried to advise him he was only 17.

00:13:43.200 --> 00:13:43.440
Yep.

00:13:43.600 --> 00:13:46.960
Um, but Wolseley saw an opportunity in the new king's personality.

00:13:47.200 --> 00:13:49.440
Yeah, he's like, oh, he's a go-getter.

00:13:49.679 --> 00:13:49.840
Yeah.

00:13:50.000 --> 00:13:54.960
So according to Wolseley's gentleman usher, George Cavendish.

00:13:55.279 --> 00:13:56.720
What's a gentleman usher?

00:13:57.279 --> 00:14:01.279
Somebody who ushers him to places gentlemanly like?

00:14:01.519 --> 00:14:02.159
Yes.

00:14:03.919 --> 00:14:05.279
Jesus Christ.

00:14:07.840 --> 00:14:08.960
George Cavendish.

00:14:09.279 --> 00:14:09.360
Yes.

00:14:09.519 --> 00:14:10.240
That's his name.

00:14:10.320 --> 00:14:17.120
Um, while the older counselors urged Henry to attend to the tedious work of governing.

00:14:17.200 --> 00:14:17.600
Yeah.

00:14:17.919 --> 00:14:24.240
Wolseley told Henry to go out and j enjoy himself hunting, feasting, whatever.

00:14:24.559 --> 00:14:25.919
You like that shit, go do it.

00:14:26.080 --> 00:14:26.320
Yeah.

00:14:26.399 --> 00:14:30.720
And he uh promised him that he would handle the boring governance.

00:14:31.039 --> 00:14:34.960
Well, he fostered his position in terms of hey man, I got you.

00:14:35.120 --> 00:14:38.240
You go do you, I'll take care of the back end.

00:14:38.480 --> 00:14:38.960
Yeah.

00:14:39.200 --> 00:14:41.200
Not in a weird way, but yeah.

00:14:41.519 --> 00:14:53.120
So in Cavendish's words, Wolseley put the king in comfort that he shall not need to spare any time of his pleasure for any business, so long as Wolseley was around.

00:14:53.440 --> 00:15:00.399
And that's why he made himself indispensable to the eighth, because he's like, Oh shit, I can do whatever I want.

00:15:00.559 --> 00:15:03.600
He knew he knew all the ins and outs, and Henry did not.

00:15:03.919 --> 00:15:08.240
Well, not only that is but on Henry's side, he's like, fuck, I don't have to worry about this.

00:15:08.399 --> 00:15:09.440
This dude's got it for me.

00:15:09.600 --> 00:15:15.279
Fuck yeah, let's go uh let's go jousting, let's go hunting and all this other stuff.

00:15:15.440 --> 00:15:15.919
Yeah.

00:15:16.159 --> 00:15:25.039
So so of course Henry loved this, so by 1511, Wolseley had effectively become Henry VIII's right-hand man.

00:15:25.120 --> 00:15:25.440
Yeah.

00:15:25.679 --> 00:15:28.559
So need someone to organize a war, call Wolseley.

00:15:28.799 --> 00:15:31.279
Need funds for a war, call Wolseley.

00:15:31.440 --> 00:15:38.879
Um need a drink in bed, call wanna sponsor or host a joustling party.

00:15:39.039 --> 00:15:39.600
Call Wolsey.

00:15:39.840 --> 00:15:42.080
He's the organizing wedding planner.

00:15:42.320 --> 00:15:43.919
Call Wolseley.

00:15:45.679 --> 00:15:48.080
I have a problem with calling him a wedding planner.

00:15:48.159 --> 00:15:49.120
I don't know why.

00:15:49.360 --> 00:15:51.200
I don't know why, but I do.

00:15:52.159 --> 00:15:53.360
Anyways.

00:15:54.399 --> 00:15:55.039
Carry on.

00:15:55.519 --> 00:16:00.000
So Wolseley got a reputation for being the Tudor Wizard, essentially.

00:16:00.320 --> 00:16:04.000
Whatever the king wanted, he would make it happen and he would make it happen fast.

00:16:04.240 --> 00:16:10.240
I'm sorry, but the Tudor Wizard might be the title of this episode because that's fucking fantastic.

00:16:10.559 --> 00:16:12.240
The Tudor Wizard.

00:16:13.919 --> 00:16:16.080
So let's talk about that war.

00:16:16.320 --> 00:16:17.360
Yeah, let's do that.

00:16:17.679 --> 00:16:19.360
1512 to 1513.

00:16:19.440 --> 00:16:19.600
Yeah.

00:16:19.759 --> 00:16:26.399
Henry VIII decided to revive um the age old English pastime of invading France.

00:16:26.559 --> 00:16:26.879
Okay.

00:16:27.200 --> 00:16:30.559
Man, that was a common practice back in those days.

00:16:30.960 --> 00:16:40.960
So many of Henry's older advisors cautioned against this expensive adventure, but Wolseley backed the young king's war wholeheartedly.

00:16:41.200 --> 00:16:41.519
Okay.

00:16:41.679 --> 00:16:46.159
More than that, Wolseley became the logistical mastermind behind the campaign.

00:16:46.399 --> 00:16:46.879
Gotcha.

00:16:47.039 --> 00:16:57.840
He organized an army of like 25,000 soldiers, handled the provision of ships and supplies, basically served as quartermaster quartermaster.

00:16:58.080 --> 00:16:58.559
There it is.

00:16:58.720 --> 00:16:59.120
Yes.

00:16:59.279 --> 00:17:05.759
And while Henry gallivanted off to France in 1513 at the head of his troops, Wolseley made sure the bills were paid and the troops were fed.

00:17:06.000 --> 00:17:06.319
Correct.

00:17:06.400 --> 00:17:06.640
Yeah.

00:17:06.720 --> 00:17:11.119
He he did the the shit work, the boring work, whatever you want to call it.

00:17:11.279 --> 00:17:12.559
He did the necessary work.

00:17:12.720 --> 00:17:13.039
Yeah.

00:17:13.279 --> 00:17:17.359
Which is we can't have this fight if we're they're not fed.

00:17:17.759 --> 00:17:20.240
They don't have ships to travel, so on and so forth.

00:17:20.319 --> 00:17:22.079
He did the logistics basically.

00:17:22.480 --> 00:17:25.279
So the result was England won some bragging rights.

00:17:25.440 --> 00:17:32.640
They seized some towns and even forced France to um enter into a priest peace treaty.

00:17:32.880 --> 00:17:38.480
A priest treaty with Henry's sister marrying the French king to seal the deal.

00:17:38.720 --> 00:17:38.960
Right.

00:17:39.200 --> 00:17:43.759
Henry, of course, took the credit for all these victories, but it was Wolseley's brilliance.

00:17:44.160 --> 00:17:46.640
Yeah, but that's what the kings did back in those times.

00:17:46.799 --> 00:17:52.000
They had countless people doing shit for them, but they got the credit for it because you know why?

00:17:52.160 --> 00:17:53.359
He was fucking king.

00:17:53.519 --> 00:17:53.759
Yes.

00:17:53.920 --> 00:17:54.799
So yeah.

00:17:55.119 --> 00:18:01.440
So the war success was very good for Wolseley's career and his wallet, the rewards poured in.

00:18:01.680 --> 00:18:11.599
In 1513, um Henry made Wolsley bishop of Tornai, um, which was basically a diocese which you could collect income from.

00:18:11.759 --> 00:18:12.079
Right.

00:18:12.240 --> 00:18:22.000
In 1514, Wolseley was appointed Archbishop of York, a position second only to the Archbishop of Canterbury in the English church.

00:18:22.240 --> 00:18:22.480
Yep.

00:18:23.359 --> 00:18:25.680
Not stopping there the very next year.

00:18:25.920 --> 00:18:29.279
The the Pope at Henry's request made Wolseley a cardinal.

00:18:29.519 --> 00:18:29.759
Correct.

00:18:29.839 --> 00:18:36.400
Yeah, because he was again, if you've seen the show The Tudors, which is a fantastic fucking show.

00:18:36.559 --> 00:18:39.759
Uh, not exactly 100% accurate, obviously.

00:18:40.079 --> 00:18:43.119
But um, yeah, I was known him as Cardinal Wol Wolsey.

00:18:43.359 --> 00:18:44.079
So yeah, yeah.

00:18:44.319 --> 00:18:47.519
And that's what he was most famous for towards the end, obviously.

00:18:47.680 --> 00:18:48.640
That's what you knew him as.

00:18:48.720 --> 00:18:49.759
So yeah, yeah, yeah.

00:18:50.079 --> 00:19:01.119
To top it all off, in late 1515, Henry VIII named Wolseley Lord Chancellor of England, essentially the king's chief minister and head of the kingdom's loyal legal system.

00:19:01.359 --> 00:19:02.960
Literally, literally his right hand man.

00:19:03.119 --> 00:19:04.640
Yes, pretty much for everything.

00:19:04.799 --> 00:19:09.680
Yeah, because he had that's a lot of power for not being a king.

00:19:09.839 --> 00:19:10.640
Yes, basically.

00:19:10.880 --> 00:19:11.119
Yes.

00:19:11.440 --> 00:19:14.160
Only one who had more power was typically Henry.

00:19:14.319 --> 00:19:15.039
Yeah, honestly.

00:19:15.440 --> 00:19:19.839
And he gave a lot of that up so that he could Wolseley could do all the behind the scenes stuff.

00:19:20.079 --> 00:19:27.680
Yeah, he gave he he didn't I wouldn't say he gave it up, he gave he Wolseley that power so he could do his thing.

00:19:28.000 --> 00:19:31.279
What's it called to like redirect responsibilities?

00:19:32.720 --> 00:19:33.680
Uh delegate.

00:19:33.839 --> 00:19:34.319
Delegate.

00:19:34.480 --> 00:19:34.640
Yeah.

00:19:34.799 --> 00:19:35.119
Yes.

00:19:35.440 --> 00:19:38.079
I was gonna be like dictate, and like, no, that was Hitler.

00:19:38.240 --> 00:19:39.200
Anyways.

00:19:42.400 --> 00:19:43.279
Sorry.

00:19:43.599 --> 00:19:47.680
So in less than a decade, yeah, Wolseley had matched pretty far.

00:19:47.839 --> 00:19:50.960
Yeah, more titles and offices than any man could dream of.

00:19:51.119 --> 00:19:58.720
Cardinal, archbishop, lord chancellor, plus a bunch of bishopri bishoprics in the on the side for the good measure.

00:19:58.960 --> 00:20:01.359
I always had a hard time with the word bishopric.

00:20:01.599 --> 00:20:02.160
Bishopric.

00:20:02.640 --> 00:20:05.279
Because it's like, are you a bishop or a prick?

00:20:05.359 --> 00:20:05.599
Yeah.

00:20:05.759 --> 00:20:06.799
No, I'm a bishopric.

00:20:07.200 --> 00:20:14.720
But at one time he was simultaneously Bishop of Lincoln, Archbishop of York, Bishop of Bath and Wales, Durham, Durham.

00:20:15.599 --> 00:20:16.000
Durham?

00:20:16.880 --> 00:20:17.119
Durham.

00:20:17.599 --> 00:20:18.319
And Durham.

00:20:18.559 --> 00:20:20.319
And Winchester and Abbot of St.

00:20:20.559 --> 00:20:22.240
Albans to boot.

00:20:23.359 --> 00:20:25.440
And a lot of these positions.

00:20:25.759 --> 00:20:28.000
I think he needs a bitter, bigger business card.

00:20:28.640 --> 00:20:30.160
He's gonna need both sides.

00:20:30.559 --> 00:20:31.279
Am I right?

00:20:31.839 --> 00:20:33.920
He's gonna need eight and a half by eleven.

00:20:34.160 --> 00:20:35.279
Wasn't even a thing back then.

00:20:35.519 --> 00:20:36.880
Do you have any more papyrus?

00:20:37.039 --> 00:20:56.480
Anyways, um and a lot of these titles came with income because the way all that shit worked back in the day, especially with the church, a lot of fucking money came in with the donations and alms for the poor.

00:20:56.559 --> 00:20:57.279
No, I'm just kidding.

00:20:57.440 --> 00:21:00.160
Um what's the fucking word I'm trying to think of?

00:21:00.880 --> 00:21:09.920
Anyways, he got very wealthy, very, very wealthy off of this position because he positioned himself perfectly.

00:21:10.480 --> 00:21:13.359
So whatever happened to his dad, isn't he still a butcher at this time?

00:21:13.680 --> 00:21:14.079
Yeah, no, no.

00:21:14.640 --> 00:21:14.880
Cool.

00:21:15.359 --> 00:21:16.799
That was a part of my research.

00:21:18.160 --> 00:21:20.079
I'm sorry, I did that on purpose.

00:21:20.319 --> 00:21:22.480
So you literally say that.

00:21:22.799 --> 00:21:31.839
So from 1515 onwards, Wolseley was so influential that people people whispered that he was the altar rex.

00:21:32.319 --> 00:21:33.200
Alter Rex?

00:21:33.519 --> 00:21:34.319
The other king.

00:21:34.960 --> 00:21:35.680
Is that what that means?

00:21:36.079 --> 00:21:36.640
The other king.

00:21:36.880 --> 00:21:37.599
Alter Rex.

00:21:37.759 --> 00:21:38.079
Mm-hmm.

00:21:38.240 --> 00:21:38.640
I don't know.

00:21:38.720 --> 00:21:40.960
That might be a contender for the title.

00:21:41.279 --> 00:21:43.680
Henry the Eighth was no puppet, of course.

00:21:43.839 --> 00:21:44.640
No, no, no, no.

00:21:44.799 --> 00:21:49.759
He made the big decisions, um, especially when passion or pride were involved.

00:21:50.079 --> 00:21:51.279
He was very involved.

00:21:51.519 --> 00:21:56.720
It's not like he just gave up his I don't want to say gave up his kingliness, if you will.

00:21:56.880 --> 00:21:57.119
Yeah.

00:21:57.680 --> 00:22:02.319
He was very involved, but he had like people running his shit in the background.

00:22:02.480 --> 00:22:02.640
Yeah.

00:22:02.720 --> 00:22:06.799
And Wolseley's words carried nearly the same weight as King's.

00:22:06.880 --> 00:22:07.039
Yeah.

00:22:07.359 --> 00:22:08.000
Oh, for sure.

00:22:08.160 --> 00:22:08.480
Yeah.

00:22:08.720 --> 00:22:11.920
People like, don't don't bother the king with that.

00:22:12.079 --> 00:22:13.200
Talk to Wolseley.

00:22:13.279 --> 00:22:13.519
Yeah.

00:22:13.759 --> 00:22:15.440
Kind of attitude towards things.

00:22:15.599 --> 00:22:16.640
Yeah, for sure.

00:22:18.160 --> 00:22:24.480
So if you wanted Henry's agreement on something, you better have Wolseley on board first.

00:22:24.880 --> 00:22:25.200
Yeah.

00:22:25.440 --> 00:22:33.440
I mean, clearly you want something past or whatever the word you want to use here, because I'm drawing a blank.

00:22:33.599 --> 00:22:38.079
Um you need you you needed Wolseley on board.

00:22:38.400 --> 00:22:38.480
Yes.

00:22:38.799 --> 00:22:43.279
Because you weren't getting to the king if he wasn't on on board with it, basically.

00:22:43.440 --> 00:22:43.599
Yeah.

00:22:43.759 --> 00:22:50.000
And you're not going to skip over Wolseley to go straight to the king because the king will be like, Would you talk to Wolseley first?

00:22:50.160 --> 00:22:50.319
Yeah.

00:22:50.720 --> 00:22:51.200
Exactly.

00:22:51.359 --> 00:22:58.640
So as a cardinal, yeah, Wolseley loved the pomp and circumstance that came with his position.

00:22:58.960 --> 00:22:59.519
For sure.

00:22:59.759 --> 00:23:03.119
He cultivated a very extravagant lifestyle.

00:23:03.279 --> 00:23:03.599
Yep.

00:23:03.839 --> 00:23:06.000
He was not shy about flaunting his wealth.

00:23:06.240 --> 00:23:06.640
Nope.

00:23:06.799 --> 00:23:10.160
He built himself a resident fit for a king.

00:23:10.559 --> 00:23:18.319
His residence, from what I recall, and again, I'm not a fucking expert, was pretty insane for a fucking cardinal.

00:23:18.559 --> 00:23:20.640
Yeah, it was called Hampton Court Palace.

00:23:20.799 --> 00:23:21.200
Yeah.

00:23:21.440 --> 00:23:31.599
It was originally a modest manor, but Wolseley transformed um transformed it into a like sprawling palace of red brick and elebread design.

00:23:31.759 --> 00:23:32.000
Yep.

00:23:32.160 --> 00:23:36.400
It had lush gardens, ornate chapels, Gordon fountains.

00:23:36.799 --> 00:23:45.680
Um, and Wolsey even set aside pretty magnificent apartments for Henry VIII, Queen Catherine, yeah, when they're when they visited.

00:23:45.920 --> 00:23:46.319
Exactly.

00:23:46.559 --> 00:23:50.640
Yeah, I mean, it was a sprawling fucking compound, if you will.

00:23:50.880 --> 00:23:51.039
Yeah.

00:23:51.279 --> 00:23:55.599
It wasn't just a hey, look at my house over there with a tree.

00:23:55.839 --> 00:24:01.119
It was a fucking huge area that he had, from what I recall.

00:24:01.279 --> 00:24:05.119
And it was just it was very elaborate for a fucking cardinal.

00:24:05.279 --> 00:24:05.599
Yeah.

00:24:05.839 --> 00:24:13.119
You wouldn't think a priest, cardinal, slash, whatever church person would have all of this, but he he's like, no, I'm going all out, man.

00:24:13.279 --> 00:24:13.920
Yeah.

00:24:14.720 --> 00:24:19.759
So by the 19s, excuse me, by the 1520s, you keep doing the 19s.

00:24:19.839 --> 00:24:20.480
That's so funny.

00:24:20.720 --> 00:24:27.359
Hampton Court was one of the grandest palaces in England, second to only the king's residence.

00:24:27.599 --> 00:24:28.319
Yeah, exactly.

00:24:28.480 --> 00:24:29.119
Yeah.

00:24:29.519 --> 00:24:33.440
Um, Wolseley's household was equally spectacular.

00:24:33.680 --> 00:24:46.720
He maintained a ton of servants in attendance, um, where the Archbishop of Canterbury, the top churchman in England, might appear at royal events with about 50 or 70 servants in tow.

00:24:46.880 --> 00:24:47.039
Yeah.

00:24:47.279 --> 00:24:53.279
Wolseley would have like thirty 300 or more sharply dressed servants.

00:24:53.920 --> 00:24:54.799
Insane.

00:24:56.000 --> 00:25:00.160
And it's funny because they probably were still all at the King's Beck and Call.

00:25:00.240 --> 00:25:02.160
It could be like, yeah, go do this for the king.

00:25:02.240 --> 00:25:02.559
Yeah.

00:25:02.720 --> 00:25:03.680
Kind of attitude.

00:25:03.839 --> 00:25:03.920
Yeah.

00:25:04.160 --> 00:25:06.000
You know, but he's like, nah, you're mine, bitch.

00:25:06.240 --> 00:25:10.079
And of course, the English nobility were disgusted by the ostentatious.

00:25:10.799 --> 00:25:16.160
He did get a little he did get a little uh what's the word I'm looking for?

00:25:16.400 --> 00:25:17.119
Flashy.

00:25:17.359 --> 00:25:20.799
Yeah, I think I think that's a proper word for what I'm saying.

00:25:20.880 --> 00:25:21.440
Yeah.

00:25:21.759 --> 00:25:24.000
Where he's just like, look at me.

00:25:24.160 --> 00:25:24.799
Yeah.

00:25:25.039 --> 00:25:26.480
Bow to Wolseley.

00:25:26.720 --> 00:25:27.119
Yeah.

00:25:27.359 --> 00:25:29.119
But egotistical.

00:25:29.519 --> 00:25:32.640
That's that's a very good word for him, yeah.

00:25:32.799 --> 00:25:33.359
For sure.

00:25:33.599 --> 00:25:37.279
So it didn't help Wolseley's image among the aristocrats.

00:25:38.319 --> 00:25:39.519
That's a great movie.

00:25:39.839 --> 00:25:44.079
My son, when he was little, fucking that calmed him down.

00:25:44.160 --> 00:25:44.960
It was great.

00:25:46.960 --> 00:25:49.599
You're so you're you're you're so good at this.

00:25:49.920 --> 00:25:51.599
I fucking love it.

00:25:57.599 --> 00:25:59.440
Okay, the aristocrats.

00:25:59.759 --> 00:26:04.960
Do you remember when I showed you that video of uh Dragula to that scene?

00:26:05.200 --> 00:26:05.759
Yes.

00:26:05.920 --> 00:26:06.880
It's so great.

00:26:07.200 --> 00:26:09.839
Rod Zombies Dracula to the Aristocrats.

00:26:10.240 --> 00:26:13.519
Or they're playing the piano up and it falls through the floors and shit.

00:26:13.599 --> 00:26:14.880
It's so good.

00:26:15.279 --> 00:26:17.599
Anyways, the aristocrats.

00:26:17.839 --> 00:26:21.279
Yes, it didn't help that Woolsley's image among them.

00:26:21.440 --> 00:26:26.000
No, that that he was quite arrogant and domineering by nature.

00:26:26.319 --> 00:26:31.599
Well, his position made him that way because he got so elevated, yeah.

00:26:32.640 --> 00:26:35.599
And it's like, I'm the king's right-hand man.

00:26:35.680 --> 00:26:36.799
Yeah, you bow to me.

00:26:36.880 --> 00:26:38.880
And they're like, wait a way, wait, wait, wait a minute.

00:26:39.119 --> 00:26:40.559
And they resented his power.

00:26:40.720 --> 00:26:47.279
They seeing his wealth and display gave them even more ammo to call him proud and a vain individual.

00:26:47.599 --> 00:27:00.640
Well, and he kind of became that way, even though being a man of the church, he obviously um I don't flaunted what he had with all of his servants and like, hey, look at me.

00:27:00.880 --> 00:27:02.160
He wanted that though.

00:27:02.319 --> 00:27:03.200
That was his position.

00:27:03.359 --> 00:27:07.359
He's like, I want to fucking he wanted to be king without being king.

00:27:07.519 --> 00:27:08.480
Yes, basically.

00:27:08.799 --> 00:27:15.279
But as a clergyman, yeah, he swore an oath to God.

00:27:15.759 --> 00:27:16.480
Celibacy.

00:27:16.640 --> 00:27:17.359
Oh, that's true.

00:27:17.519 --> 00:27:18.880
But he did he wasn't celibate.

00:27:19.200 --> 00:27:19.680
He was not.

00:27:20.079 --> 00:27:22.720
No, he had he had a mistress for many years.

00:27:22.880 --> 00:27:23.359
Yep.

00:27:23.519 --> 00:27:26.480
Um, a woman known as Mistress Joan Lark.

00:27:26.720 --> 00:27:27.359
Joan Lark.

00:27:27.519 --> 00:27:29.920
And he fathered two children with her, a son and a daughter.

00:27:30.240 --> 00:27:30.799
Yes, yes.

00:27:30.960 --> 00:27:38.799
It was an open secret at the time, and certainly an embarrassment once Wolsey became the most prominent churchman in England.

00:27:39.920 --> 00:27:41.599
Do as I say, not as I do.

00:27:42.000 --> 00:27:44.799
And that uh uh yeah, exactly right.

00:27:45.119 --> 00:27:58.720
He which I still find it funny, and I know things have somewhat changed over the years, but um it's just funny that like you can only represent God if you don't fuck.

00:27:59.359 --> 00:28:02.559
And that just seemed weird to me ever.

00:28:03.359 --> 00:28:16.480
Because we won't go into all the stupid shit in the church and everything, the Catholic Church, but why it didn't make sense to me ever.

00:28:16.640 --> 00:28:17.519
But, anyways.

00:28:17.839 --> 00:28:24.960
But to his credit, Wolseley did not abandon his family, he provided financially for his mistress and their children.

00:28:25.359 --> 00:28:26.559
Well, he had enough money too.

00:28:26.799 --> 00:28:26.960
Mm-hmm.

00:28:27.200 --> 00:28:41.759
In 1519, he arranged a very respectable marriage for Joan Lark, um, effectively quieting or quietly retiring his mistress when it came, became publicly um, nope, politically inconvenient.

00:28:42.240 --> 00:28:47.440
So once he arranged a marriage for her, did he cut off ties with her?

00:28:48.160 --> 00:28:50.880
Or was that still a thing like in the background?

00:28:51.200 --> 00:28:52.960
I don't think it was a thing in the background.

00:28:53.039 --> 00:28:58.160
I think I don't know if they like stopped talking to each other, but I think they started stopped having a relationship of that kind of.

00:28:58.319 --> 00:29:11.279
Because and again, I'm I'm no expert, so correct me if I'm wrong if you even know this, but towards the end of his we'll call it demise, he he was with somebody still.

00:29:12.480 --> 00:29:18.160
I not her, from what I understand, but anyways, all right, continue, continue.

00:29:18.640 --> 00:29:24.880
So he also made sure that his son was set up with a nice church position with property and income when the boy came of age.

00:29:25.279 --> 00:29:29.599
So did he did his son go into being like a priest or anything like that?

00:29:29.839 --> 00:29:30.720
It sounded like it.

00:29:30.880 --> 00:29:32.319
Oh, you you don't know for sure.

00:29:32.480 --> 00:29:33.440
Okay, no worries.

00:29:33.759 --> 00:29:39.039
Um, and Wolseley's word loyalty and family still counted, but it was to be kept more hush hush.

00:29:39.200 --> 00:29:39.359
Sure.

00:29:39.440 --> 00:29:43.839
No, I get the king knew of these indiscretions and mostly looked the other way.

00:29:44.319 --> 00:29:50.880
Well, as you know, if you know anything about King Henry, he looked the other way.

00:29:52.480 --> 00:29:59.119
Now, Wolseley didn't spend all of his time on these lavish engagements, no, throwing banquets, etc.

00:29:59.440 --> 00:30:04.720
He was working incredibly hard to strengthen the realm and by extension Henry's power.

00:30:05.039 --> 00:30:05.279
Correct.

00:30:05.680 --> 00:30:10.480
So as Lord Chancellor, Wolseley oversaw the legal system and wasn't afraid to reform it.

00:30:10.720 --> 00:30:11.039
No.

00:30:11.200 --> 00:30:13.599
So he used the count of nope.

00:30:13.839 --> 00:30:25.119
He used the court of Star Chamber, which is just a royal council court to dispense justice in cases the ordinary courts might ignore.

00:30:25.359 --> 00:30:25.519
Okay.

00:30:25.920 --> 00:30:31.119
Often in favor of poor flight plaintiffs against overmighty nobles.

00:30:31.440 --> 00:30:31.680
Okay.

00:30:32.160 --> 00:30:35.039
So he's a he's with it for the poor people.

00:30:35.359 --> 00:30:36.880
He's a man of the people.

00:30:37.440 --> 00:30:52.079
So the mobility hated that what Wolseley was attacking them under the guise of helping the common folk, but for many ordinary Englishmen, the idea that even a great lore could be could be hauled before the law was a little bit reflect refreshing.

00:30:52.319 --> 00:30:52.640
Okay.

00:30:52.960 --> 00:31:03.759
So Wolseley also tackled the issue of land enclosures, wealthy landowners fencing off common lands, which was causing poverty and unrest among peasants.

00:31:04.079 --> 00:31:09.759
That's crazy to think about back in obviously this is the 1500s so quite a different time.

00:31:10.000 --> 00:31:13.279
But like we're gonna fence this area off I'm gonna die.

00:31:13.440 --> 00:31:24.079
It's like that's so weird to think about like how different it was back then just for these people trying to do whatever they could to survive from the most part.

00:31:24.240 --> 00:31:24.559
Yeah.

00:31:24.799 --> 00:31:37.200
But yet and then Wolseley comes in like eh so he set up commissions to investigate enclosures and even ordered illegal fences fences and hedges torn down in some cases.

00:31:37.440 --> 00:31:46.720
Isn't that wild and these um efforts were met with missed mixed success but it sure it showed Wolseley had a reformist streak.

00:31:47.119 --> 00:31:56.960
And he and he was a man of the people and he was born a butcher's boy like he was born as a commoner beef and beer beef and beer am I right?

00:31:57.200 --> 00:32:03.680
Yeah so in the religious sphere Wolseley wasn't a radical reformer.

00:32:03.920 --> 00:32:12.640
No he remained a staunch Catholic and even burned Lutheran books that began seeping into England but he did plan improvements.

00:32:12.880 --> 00:32:19.599
Yes notably he used some of his immense church income to found um educational institutions.

00:32:19.920 --> 00:32:20.880
What did he find?

00:32:21.440 --> 00:32:43.680
He established the Cardinal College at Oxford in 1525 today known as Christchurch Oxford and a grammar school in his hometown of Ipswich so go Wolseley to fund these he he dissolved a few small decaying monastery with the Pope's permission okay reallocating their revenues to his colleges.

00:32:44.079 --> 00:34:06.880
Well I mean I feel like that's a he obviously did it with permission from the Pope which was almighty back in these days um the fact that he's uh trying to foster like education basically why not yeah so I mean that that's pretty great to be honest and that he he established these these places for people to learn sorry um but it just seems weird because like I don't know he he go on so in art and architecture Wolseley felt like he was a true Renaissance patron he hired the best craftsman and artist of the day to adorn his palaces and projects right if you walked into Wolseley's chambers you'd see fine tapestries ornate frescoes Italian sculptures pretty much the man knew how to spend the money well yeah he he was no he wasn't shy about like making his shit fancy yeah basically so by the mid-1520s Cardinal Wolseley was pretty much at the apex of his career okay he was the second most powerful man in England sometimes arguably arguably the most powerful since he had so much royal business he just didn't have the title of king yeah and the only one who could trump him was the king the king yeah Mr.

00:34:06.960 --> 00:34:26.559
Henry the Eighth he was even wealthier than many princes foreign ambassad ambassadors both were flattered by him and feared him um but because there is a but always a but the very force that had propelled Wolseley up Mr.

00:34:26.719 --> 00:34:43.440
King Henry the Eighth was also the force that would crush him well you know when King Henry set his eyes on a particular young lass he um shit went sideways.

00:34:43.679 --> 00:34:45.360
We'll just say that for the most part.

00:34:45.840 --> 00:35:15.679
Sure did um I really hate that whenever I think of Anne Boleyn I think of Natalie Dormer because the tutors the movie or the show I think of her in uh Hunger Games more she wasn't that but anyways the show obviously is like it's Sam Neal as Cardinal Wolsey was fucking awesome.

00:35:16.000 --> 00:35:18.719
I love Sam Neal I love Sam Neal he's so good.

00:35:18.960 --> 00:36:08.000
So Jurassic Parker It all centered around the quest for Henry the Eighth to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragorn Catherine of Aragon I said Aragorn Aragog I I said the Lord of the Rings Aragorn Aragon Aragog Aragog Catherine of Aragon after twenty years of marriage Catherine had borne Henry several children but only one survived Mary Princess Mary by the 1520s with Henry in his mid thirties and still lacking a male heir the king was growing desperate for a son.

00:36:08.400 --> 00:36:43.360
To make matters more interesting Henry had fallen passionately in love or in lust with Anne Boleyn was clever charismatic and unwilling to be just a mistress so I've never seen this movie and I don't know much of the actual history of it because I know movies are obviously I don't want to say biased but not 100% accurate he he banged her s her sister first.

00:36:44.880 --> 00:37:25.840
That's what the movie claimed but this this is not on anything so no I know I know I know um but what my my point my point of bringing that up is is like he wanted to change alter his I mean he ends up altering his religion for all of this creating the Church of England which you know uh Elizabeth I very well fostered and Mary's like no I want Catholic and she died but anyways um I had a point and I don't have any more continue.

00:37:26.480 --> 00:37:42.639
So Mary Boleyn was a lady in waiting at court um many historians agree that she was at one point Henry's mistress before Anne.

00:37:42.880 --> 00:38:10.239
Correct yes so there we go we'll just leave that we got it out of the way yeah okay so Anne Boleyn didn't want to be a mistress she wanted to be queen so she was very uh persistent in that fact she didn't she didn't want to be a side piece she wanted to be the piece so Henry determined to grant that wish yep test his brilliant cardinal Mr.

00:38:10.400 --> 00:38:28.400
Wolseley with the most impossible of errands yep get rid of my wife so I can marry someone else and the pope was like nah yeah so Wolseley who had to move mount who had to move mountains for Henry before now faced the Pope.

00:38:28.639 --> 00:38:40.800
He literally had to move the earth for this because the Pope is like no only the Pope at this time could annul a royal marriage in Catholic Europe.

00:38:41.039 --> 00:38:59.280
Correct yeah so Henry's ground for annulment annulment was a technical one which was he claimed that because Catherine had briefly been married to his late brother Arthur who was a the original king her union with Henry was invalid in God's eyes.

00:39:03.679 --> 00:39:07.920
The Pope had given them an exemption to marry in the first place.

00:39:08.159 --> 00:39:22.480
Yeah so first you want the pope to give get you married now you want the pope to get you an old what the hell so his job was to get that Henry the get out of jail free card.

00:39:22.639 --> 00:39:43.119
So get out of jail free card yes yep yes you're not wrong that's what he wanted so unfortunately Pope Clement had his own problems Emperor Charles the Fifth yes none other than Catherine of Aragon's nephew.

00:39:43.360 --> 00:40:00.159
Yes yep a man totally opposed to his aunt being cast aside because he's like you can't do that to her no that's that's my aunt bro so Clement the seventh was caught between a rock and a hard place Henry VIII on one side and Emperor plus the Catholic opinion on the other side.

00:40:00.320 --> 00:40:07.199
Yep for Wosley that meant that charm and dramatic skill even his legendary finesse will not suffice this time.

00:40:07.519 --> 00:41:47.519
No it was a very very tough road for him to travel and well ultimately let's find out yes he tried multiple anger nope angles to solve I'm sorry it shouldn't be so funny but it is multiple angers my ears hurt I'm with you and he tried multiple angers oh my god that was fan fucking task so he convened a special court in London in 1529 with himself and a representative from Rome okay Cardinal Campeggio acting as judge yes campeggio I think he was played by um oh fuck I just lost his name he's he's that um god damn it I can picture literally picture him anyways in the in the show that is so they summoned Henry and Catherine to plea their cases yes at one session king queen catherine of Aragon dramatically knelt before Henry and delivered a speech refusing to agree that her marriage was illegitimate illegitimate she said quote I have been to you a true humble and obedient wife okay and she did not want a divorce of course not because her position would be not as good Woolsley despite his power could not simply brush aside a queen who commanded so much respect and sympathy of her followers.

00:41:48.000 --> 00:42:06.960
There was a lot of people that loved Queen Catherine so and this court did not grant Henry his divorce and so he got pissed Catherine formerly appeared appealed her case to the Pope in Rome invoking her right as queen to have the Pope himself judge.

00:42:07.199 --> 00:42:20.960
Oh shit Pope Clement VII perhaps relieved to escape the issue agreed to revoke the case to Rome meaning the decision would be delayed indefinitely for Henry outrage.

00:42:21.199 --> 00:42:29.119
Of course because he he wanted to bang Anne Blyn on the on the up and up and it had been two years that he's been trying to get with Anne.

00:42:29.519 --> 00:42:38.480
Well not to get with Anne but legally to get with Anne yeah yep yeah so holding the bag of blame Cardinal Wolseley.

00:42:38.800 --> 00:42:52.000
Of course Henry the Eighth relied on Wolseley to fix his problem and Wolseley had failed publicly well and like I I think you literally said just not that long ago is impossible task.

00:42:52.239 --> 00:43:20.960
Impossible task he he was literally charged with an impossible task that was not going to be beneficial for King Henry and he had to try and navigate this impossible task and be like dude I can't fucking do this the Pope said no I am in charge by the Pope technically because he's a cardinal I mean what are you supposed to do?

00:43:21.280 --> 00:43:32.800
And King Henry's like fuck you dude you didn't do what I wanted so off with your head so Anne Boleyn didn't care for Wolsey.

00:43:33.119 --> 00:43:44.719
Natalie Dormer she and her faction at court including her father and the Duke of Norfolk told Henry that Wolseley had either been dragging his feet or was simply no longer useful.

00:43:44.960 --> 00:43:52.320
Yeah see it that's where the ear people get whisper in your ear and be like not do what he was supposed to do.

00:43:52.639 --> 00:44:05.280
And Wolsey's like I fucking did everything I could yeah but you get you the king wanting to hear what he wants to hear was told by other people what he wanted to hear.

00:44:05.599 --> 00:44:14.400
Wolseley had probably done everything he could butsley had even sabotaged the divorce at times nope not the deal.

00:44:14.559 --> 00:44:20.719
Nope when Henry hen whether Henry believed that or not his trust in Wolseley was already shattered.

00:44:20.880 --> 00:44:27.360
Yep yes poor guy the king's vengeance was swift and fierce.

00:44:27.599 --> 00:45:19.119
In October 1529 Wolseley was stripped of his office as Lord Chancellor shortly after he was charged under the ancient law of Praemunier essentially Premunier sure I'm okay yeah um essentially accused of abusing his authority as papal legate and putting the pope's powers above the king's hello he's Catholic they all were at this time and it's so funny because it's like he literally he literally didn't he believe and again I'm no expert did what he what he could yeah did what he could and he didn't get the outcome that he wanted so it's like fuck you dude so facing this charge Wolseley had no choice but to plead guilty.

00:45:19.199 --> 00:45:40.960
He was compelled to surrender all of his vast possessions to the crown which were significant Henry took Hampton Court Palace oh dear um Woolseley's London residence York Place which he named after his title as Archbishop of York that was confiscated and Henry would later remake that into Whitehall Palace.

00:45:41.119 --> 00:46:05.599
Yes I knew that actually um his tapestries his jewels his fine furnishings all inventoried for the king sure yes he inherited it all after casting casting Wolseley down Henry the Eighth initially spared his old friend from total ruin Wolseley was banished from court in order to live in the north in his capacity as Archbishop of York the only title left.

00:46:05.840 --> 00:46:17.199
Okay so Wolseley had no choice in the spring of 1530 he traveled north to Yorkshire and there for the first time in his life Wolseley focused on being archbishop.

00:46:17.599 --> 00:46:25.280
Which is funny because he's literally been in the church his whole life was like maybe I should actually yeah try and be in the church.

00:46:25.599 --> 00:46:36.079
So he took up residence at Kwood Castle and surprisingly devoted himself okay and devoted himself to spiritual and administrative needs of his archdiocese.

00:46:36.320 --> 00:46:36.639
Okay.

00:46:36.800 --> 00:47:07.760
By some accounts he did so earnestly perhaps trying to find a bit of redemption right he even planned a grand formal enthronement uh ceremony for York minister scheduled for November 1530 to mark his take up of the arch archbishopric with proper pop and circumstance sure and of course ever the showman Wolseley couldn't resist one last display of magnificence even in semi-exile of course but he would never see that day.

00:47:07.920 --> 00:47:28.000
No he wouldn't in late October 1530 King Henry or those around Ambolin got wind that Wolseley might be plotting a comeback of sorts there were rumors that Wolsley had been in secret communication with foreign powers perhaps hoping the Pope or the king of France might restore him to favor.

00:47:28.320 --> 00:47:28.639
Yeah.

00:47:28.880 --> 00:47:32.400
Whether true or not these rumors sealed Wolseley's fate.

00:47:32.639 --> 00:47:39.280
Correct Henry VIII sent soldiers north to arrest the cardinal on charges of high treason.

00:47:39.440 --> 00:48:02.079
Yep on 4th of November 1530 just days before Wolseley's planned York minister ceremony the Earl of Northumberland who was Henry Percy who was supposed to have married Anne Boleyn but didn't he confronted Wolsele and announced that the cardinal was under arrest for treason.

00:48:02.320 --> 00:48:07.360
Crazy according to George Cavanish's account Wolseley was stunned.

00:48:07.760 --> 00:48:25.679
Well yeah because he's like wait what yes Wolseley meekly submitted to the royal officers he knows that the charge of higher treason is a death sentence the fallen cardinal was taken into custody and escorted south towards London.

00:48:25.840 --> 00:48:33.280
It was a long and slow journey and Wolseley who was only in his mid 50s was actually fairly ill.

00:48:33.519 --> 00:48:51.679
Oh really the stress of his disgrace the abrupt arrest and perhaps some kind of like intestinal illness maybe some ulcers was caught catching up to him yeah for sure so en route to Leicester Abbey Wolsele's condition worsened.

00:48:51.840 --> 00:49:42.320
Yep he was bedridden and sensing the end and Thomas Wolseley spoke some of his final words he is reported again by Cavendish who was present to have reflected bitterly on how he had spent his life he said had I but served God as diligently as I had served the king he would not have given me over in my gray hairs so Wolseley summed up the tragedy of his career in that one line um that in his devotion to Henry he had perhaps neglected the higher duty of God of his faith yes he then warned people to be careful what he told the king sure quote for you can never put it out again once Henry's mind was set.

00:49:42.480 --> 00:49:42.880
Yeah.

00:49:43.119 --> 00:49:56.800
On November 29th 1530 in the early hours of the morning Cardinal Wosley died at Leicester Abbey uttering quote I am come to leave my bones among you to the monks who had attended him he was 57 give or take a year.

00:49:56.960 --> 00:50:02.400
Sure um he never reached London thus narrowly escaping public humiliation.

00:50:02.559 --> 00:50:12.800
Yep one might say death in the end was kinder to Wolsele than King Henry was Thomas Wolseley's abrupt fall sent shockwaves throughout England.

00:50:12.960 --> 00:50:17.519
He was a man who had been for a generation the most powerful figure besides the king.

00:50:17.760 --> 00:50:30.960
Oh for sure he died disgraced and virtually alone buried in a humble grave at an abbey at the abbey a grave whose la whose actual um location is unknown it is lost to history.

00:50:31.199 --> 00:50:42.159
Oh really oh that's surprising okay Henry VIII upon hearing of Wolseley's death supposedly remarked that he wished Wolseley had lived perhaps maybe a little bit of remorse we we won't know.

00:50:42.559 --> 00:51:12.239
Well and it's funny because he was so consumed with the divorce because he wanted what he wanted and he wanted it to make it legal even though the Pope never saw it legal so on and so forth that he was blinded to like someone who actually really cared for him and who did a lot for him and obviously I'm not King Henry but he's like no you didn't give me one on fuck you.

00:51:12.320 --> 00:51:24.639
Yeah and that's literally what the basis of what happened to him was is he he just couldn't pull off the the impossible for his king.

00:51:24.800 --> 00:51:46.239
Yeah so well now you fucked up you're disgraced you can do what I wanted fuck you but I mean look how many people King Henry beheaded wives alone quite a few so yeah remorse or not Henry still wasted no time in seizing what remained of Wolseley's assets and moving on with business because he's breaking from Rome for his new life.

00:51:46.480 --> 00:51:58.079
He's not gonna let that go to anyone but the king so to his enemies Wolseley Wolseley's story was like morality play of arrogance.

00:51:58.239 --> 00:52:17.840
Yeah um they painted him as a fat worldly greedy tyrant which he wasn't who had presumed to rival the king's own authority which he didn't the contemporary chronicle Edward Hall and later Protestant historians vilified Wolseley as a symbol of everything corrupt in the pre-Reformation church.

00:52:18.079 --> 00:53:51.920
He was accused of being excessively proud of loving luxury of wielding power and the poet Scott John Skelton wrote um verses about Lord call Cardinal Wolseley during Wolseley's lifetime mocking his pomp and calling him a bloodthirsty vulture it's funny because like did he flaunt or excuse whatever what he could get yes probably but I don't again I am not a historian I don't know all the facts I'm learning what I'm learning here I knew a lot about Wolseley prior to this episode but it's like I don't I don't believe that yes he used his position for gain clearly with his residence and so on and so forth but he literally wanted to was fuck why am I drawing a blank on words I feel like you um he he wanted to elevate his position but also the king's too he the he had a duty to the king he really did but anyways so even among the common folk Wolsey had earned some outrage he was one that levied higher taxes and it was fairly unpopular in 1525 and and it led to a near rebellion I feel like not just in 1525 is that unpopular I feel like it's a common theme but by the time of this fall taxpayers nobles clergymen they were not sad to see him go.

00:53:52.159 --> 00:53:59.840
No of course not one ambassador noted that Wolseley was hated by the nobles the lawyers the taxpayers and even by most of his fellow bishops.

00:54:00.559 --> 00:54:20.639
In their eyes Wolseley's death was the welcome purge of a royal favorite who flew too high he's like Icarus flew too close to the sun there's another side of this legacy sure Wolseley was in many respects a man of extraordinary talent who steered the kingdom through a complex era.

00:54:20.880 --> 00:55:01.039
Sure he had been credited as a brilliant administrator who helped the government effective at a time when Henry the Eighth mostly indulged in leisure and grand projects much to Wolseley's pushback yeah under Wolseley's management England saw reforms in justice and centralized royal authority he enforced the law against rich and poor alike and tried to ensure the king's peace was kept for sure in Europe Wolseley's diplomacy thought though not always successful at least put England on the map as a power broker he put them first I mean he he was about England.

00:55:01.119 --> 00:55:42.559
Yeah he he wanted to see them thrive because obviously did it benefit him too of course yeah but he also wanted to see the king and England thrive yeah with that and it's funny that people are like fuck that guy yeah which again I mean perception I get it some of the stuff he did not right don't get me wrong but he engineered the Treaty of London in 1518 um what's that it a bold it was kind of short lived but it was a collective security agreement among major nations okay he staged the field of cloth of gold summit in 1520 while not preventing future wars.

00:55:42.800 --> 00:56:00.320
Okay um he but he certainly like boosted Henry's prestige sure um he played Francis the first of France and Charles the Fift of the Holy Roman Empire against each other to England's advantage when he could sure and when war did come he found ways to fund Henry's campaigns.

00:56:00.559 --> 00:56:28.719
Ah gotcha so some historians argue that Wolseley um was far from being a greedy schemer genuinely tried to serve as what he saw was England's best interest I'd agree with that again I'm not a professional I'm not a historian I'm a history buffoon as the title of our show suggests I would agree with that he tried to further because did it benefit him?

00:56:28.880 --> 00:56:55.039
Of course but it also did did it benefit England obviously so yeah okay he had been praised for his incredible work ethic and his promotion of capable men sure and he was also fairly moderate in the religious persecutions of the time he showed some lean leniency to early Protestants preferring to burn um heret heretical her heretical books rather than heretics themselves.

00:56:55.199 --> 00:57:01.360
Yeah um and then there were tangible legacies Hampton Court Palace stands today.

00:57:01.599 --> 00:57:18.559
Yep um in Oxford there's the Christchurch college um and then even in Death Wolsely had like an this legacy the very tomb he commissioned for himself which was a black marble marble sarcophagus was never used for Wolseley.

00:57:18.880 --> 00:57:21.039
No because where'd you say he was buried again?

00:57:21.119 --> 00:57:24.639
Do you remember it was at the Leicester Abbey unknown grave.

00:57:24.800 --> 00:57:35.360
Yep yep but that sarcophagus was repurposed as the coffin for Admiral Lord Nelson Britain's greatest naval hero really when he is at the St.

00:57:35.599 --> 00:57:41.679
Paul's cathedral when was he alive do you know that no I did not look at okay that's fine.

00:57:41.920 --> 00:57:47.920
But Henry VIII would go on to get his new wife and the son eventually by breaking from the Catholic Church.

00:57:48.239 --> 00:58:54.079
New religion the England that emerged in the 1530s was a very different place more directly under Henry's personal rule no longer obedient to Rome with new ministers like Thomas Cromwell Cromwell good old Cromwell that fucker Wolseley's fall paved the way for these developments some of his reforms in finance and government and governance were the foundations of later figures built on but Wolseley himself belonged to the old world yeah he he kind of branched that bridged that difference if you will uh he he had a lot of influence on the new stuff but was tied to the old world and then like Cromwell and those other guys were the new regime if you will so yeah Wolseley was a brilliant flawed proud generous ruthless and loyal man all in one of the church he was a butcher song who died with kings and the man who nearly ruled England only to be felt by the very monarch he served so faithfully met as Cardinal Thomas Wolseley.

00:58:54.400 --> 00:59:04.880
He was a man of England to be ever remembered I mean he's a very prominent character in English history.

00:59:05.360 --> 00:59:11.760
He it was I mean a lot of shit would not have happened if it wasn't for him.

00:59:12.000 --> 00:59:40.159
Yeah I mean in in King Henry's the eighth reign so I mean yeah he's he'll be forever known I mean he's in the history books yeah excuse me but do some people agree with it no do some people agree with it yes and it's all perception on that but I don't know Sam Neil am I right how did you like Cycles Gladiator?

00:59:40.480 --> 00:59:43.360
I liked it I wish we would have bought two bottles yeah it is really delicious.

00:59:43.599 --> 01:00:06.320
Yeah I am not a opposed to it at all it was I like soft blancs like I told you I'm sorry I need more wine or something I'd dry mouth um no it it's it's rather good I I'm a big fan of soft blancs though overall Um style and normally Saint Blanc come from New Zealand.

01:00:08.239 --> 01:00:09.280
Marlborough.

01:00:09.920 --> 01:00:12.480
Which is not the cigarette, it's the region.

01:00:13.199 --> 01:00:15.519
But obviously there's other varieties of it.

01:00:15.760 --> 01:00:16.239
California.

01:00:16.480 --> 01:00:16.800
So on.

01:00:16.880 --> 01:00:18.000
But no, it was it was good.

01:00:18.079 --> 01:00:18.639
How do you like it?

01:00:18.800 --> 01:00:19.360
I liked it a lot.

01:00:19.519 --> 01:00:19.599
Yeah.

01:00:19.920 --> 01:00:22.000
Yeah, I'm eager to finish mine.

01:00:22.400 --> 01:00:25.920
I'd say I'm eager to finish mine, but yours is gone.

01:00:26.239 --> 01:00:26.800
Welp.

01:00:27.039 --> 01:00:27.599
I suppose.

01:00:27.920 --> 01:00:30.320
Alright, buffoons, that's it for today's episode.

01:00:30.639 --> 01:00:34.639
Buckle up because we've got another historical adventure waiting for you next time.

01:00:34.880 --> 01:00:37.039
Feeling hungry for more buffoonery?

01:00:37.280 --> 01:00:42.000
Or maybe you have a burning question or a wild historical theory for us to explore?

01:00:42.239 --> 01:00:43.679
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01:00:43.760 --> 01:00:48.480
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01:00:48.639 --> 01:00:53.039
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01:00:53.119 --> 01:00:56.159
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01:00:56.320 --> 01:01:01.039
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01:01:01.199 --> 01:01:04.559
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01:01:04.719 --> 01:01:07.440
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